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Heart and liver cells can produce more ATP for each molecule of glucose than other cells in the body. This is most likely results of: A) a more efficient ATP synthase on the outer mitochondrial membrane. B) an additional turn of the Kreb's cycle for each glucose molecule. C) a more efficient mechanism for moving NADH produced in glycolysis into the mitochondrial matrix. D) production of additional NADH by the citric acid cycle. E) specialized enzymes for glucose metabolism unique to heart and liver cells.

Question

Heart and liver cells can produce more ATP for each molecule of glucose than other cells in the body. This is most likely results of:

A) a more efficient ATP synthase on the outer mitochondrial membrane. B) an additional turn of the Kreb's cycle for each glucose molecule. C) a more efficient mechanism for moving NADH produced in glycolysis into the mitochondrial matrix. D) production of additional NADH by the citric acid cycle. E) specialized enzymes for glucose metabolism unique to heart and liver cells.

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Solution

The most likely reason that heart and liver cells can produce more ATP for each molecule of glucose than other cells in the body is:

C) a more efficient mechanism for moving NADH produced in glycolysis into the mitochondrial matrix.

This is because the process of glycolysis, which occurs in the cytoplasm, produces NADH. This NADH must be transported into the mitochondria for further processing in the electron transport chain, where the majority of ATP is produced. If heart and liver cells have a more efficient mechanism for this transport, they would be able to produce more ATP from each glucose molecule.

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