A bullet of 10 g strikes a sand-bag at a speed of 103 m/s and gets embedded after travelling 5 cm. Calculate i) The resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet ii) The time taken by the bullet to come to rest.
Question
A bullet of 10 g strikes a sand-bag at a speed of 103 m/s and gets embedded after travelling 5 cm. Calculate i) The resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet ii) The time taken by the bullet to come to rest.
Solution
Sure, let's solve this step by step:
i) To calculate the resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet, we first need to find the deceleration of the bullet. We can use the formula v^2 = u^2 + 2as, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration (which will be negative as it's deceleration), and s is the distance.
Given that the bullet comes to rest, v = 0. The initial speed u = 103 m/s and the distance s = 5 cm = 0.05 m.
So, 0 = (103)^2 + 2a0.05 => a = - (103)^2 / (2*0.05) = -106120 m/s^2
The resistive force F = ma, where m is the mass of the bullet = 10 g = 0.01 kg.
So, F = 0.01 * -106120 = -1061.2 N. The force is negative, indicating that it's in the opposite direction to the motion of the bullet.
ii) To find the time taken by the bullet to come to rest, we can use the formula v = u + at.
0 = 103 + (-106120)*t => t = 103 / 106120 = 0.00097 s.
So, the resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet is 1061.2 N and the time taken by the bullet to come to rest is approximately 0.00097 seconds.
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