Find OutputType the correct output for the code given below. Also, explain the reason behind your answer.class Shape { public Shape() { System.out.println("inside Shape class default constructor"); }}class Rectangle extends Shape { public Rectangle() { System.out.println("inside Rectangle class default constructor"); }}class Square extends Rectangle { public Square() { System.out.println("inside Square class default constructor"); }}public class ConstructorChain { public static void main(String[] args) { Square sq = new Square(); }}
Question
Find OutputType the correct output for the code given below. Also, explain the reason behind your answer.class Shape { public Shape() { System.out.println("inside Shape class default constructor"); }}class Rectangle extends Shape { public Rectangle() { System.out.println("inside Rectangle class default constructor"); }}class Square extends Rectangle { public Square() { System.out.println("inside Square class default constructor"); }}public class ConstructorChain { public static void main(String[] args) { Square sq = new Square(); }}
Solution
The output of the code will be:
inside Shape class default constructor inside Rectangle class default constructor inside Square class default constructor
Explanation:
When you create an object of the Square class (Square sq = new Square();), the constructor of the Square class is called. But before the Square constructor can execute, it first needs to call the constructor of its superclass, which is Rectangle.
Similarly, before the Rectangle constructor can execute, it needs to call the constructor of its superclass, which is Shape.
So, the Shape constructor is called first, then the Rectangle constructor, and finally the Square constructor. This is why you see the output in that order. This is known as constructor chaining in Java, where each subclass constructor is responsible for calling its superclass's constructor first.
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