Which of the following are examples of commonalities between music of China and of the West?(I) Ratios of musical scale are expressible in numbers which are manifestations of order.(II) Instruments are classified according to the eight materials.(III) Natural proportion in music has to be tempered.(IV) Tuning systems represent the process refinement towards the closeness with natureQuestion 8Select one:A.(II) and (IV) onlyB.(I) and (III) onlyC.(II) and (III) and (IV) onlyD.(I)and (II) and (III) onlyE.(I) and (II) and (III) and (IV)

The commonalities between music of China and of the West are:

(I) Ratios of musical scale are expressible in numbers which are manifestations of order. This is true for both Western and Chinese music. In Western music, this is often seen in the form of the 12-tone equal temperament scale, while in Chinese music, it is seen in the pentatonic scale.

(III) Natural proportion in music has to be tempered. This is also true for both Western and Chinese music. In Western music, this is often seen in the form of the 12-tone equal temperament scale, which tempers the perfect fifths in order to make all keys equally usable. In Chinese music, this is seen in the form of the pentatonic scale, which also tempers the intervals to create a balanced sound.

(IV) Tuning systems represent the process refinement towards the closeness with nature. This is a commonality in the sense that both Western and Chinese music have evolved their tuning systems over time to more closely represent natural harmonic relationships.

(II) Instruments are classified according to the eight materials. This is specific to Chinese music. In the West, instruments are typically classified by their family (strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion, etc.), not by the materials they are made from.

So, the correct answer is B. (I) and (III) only.