There are two types of cases - civil and criminal. Civil cases usually involve conflict between people orinstitutions on issues such as breach of contract, property dispute, dispute between property owner andtenant, divorce and even minor accidents. In such cases, the aggrieved party files a case in the court andthe decision involves granting of certain respite to the victorious party.Criminal cases involve gross violation of law that includes theft, murder, fraud, harassment for dowry,molestation, drunken driving, etc. In criminal cases, initially a First Information Report (FIR) is lodged withpolice, who then probe the crime and ultimately a case is filed in the court. If the accused is found to beguilty, sentence varies from simple fine to death sentence.Ideally, all citizens of the country can approach the court for redressal of his or her grievances. In case ofviolation of Fundamental Rights, citizens of the country can seek justice from the court However, in realitythe situation is different Majority of the population is extremely poor, leads a hand-to-mouth existence andmost importantly is uneducated. They neither have the means nor time to get involved in lengthy legalproceedings. Lack of education further adds to their misery.a) In what type of cases, FIR is lodged.b) Give examples of civil and criminal cases.c) State any two reasons for not having access to courts by all people.Q.3 Answer the following questions.a) Explain the original jurisdiction exercised by the Supreme Court.b) Write any two climatic conditions required for the growth of following crops:1) Golden Fibre2) Rice3) Any one beverage crop.Q.4 Choose the correct option:
Question
There are two types of cases - civil and criminal. Civil cases usually involve conflict between people orinstitutions on issues such as breach of contract, property dispute, dispute between property owner andtenant, divorce and even minor accidents. In such cases, the aggrieved party files a case in the court andthe decision involves granting of certain respite to the victorious party.Criminal cases involve gross violation of law that includes theft, murder, fraud, harassment for dowry,molestation, drunken driving, etc. In criminal cases, initially a First Information Report (FIR) is lodged withpolice, who then probe the crime and ultimately a case is filed in the court. If the accused is found to beguilty, sentence varies from simple fine to death sentence.Ideally, all citizens of the country can approach the court for redressal of his or her grievances. In case ofviolation of Fundamental Rights, citizens of the country can seek justice from the court However, in realitythe situation is different Majority of the population is extremely poor, leads a hand-to-mouth existence andmost importantly is uneducated. They neither have the means nor time to get involved in lengthy legalproceedings. Lack of education further adds to their misery.a) In what type of cases, FIR is lodged.b) Give examples of civil and criminal cases.c) State any two reasons for not having access to courts by all people.Q.3 Answer the following questions.a) Explain the original jurisdiction exercised by the Supreme Court.b) Write any two climatic conditions required for the growth of following crops:1) Golden Fibre2) Rice3) Any one beverage crop.Q.4 Choose the correct option:
Solution
a) An FIR is lodged in criminal cases.
b) Examples of civil cases include disputes such as breach of contract, property dispute, dispute between property owner and tenant, divorce and minor accidents. Examples of criminal cases include theft, murder, fraud, harassment for dowry, molestation, and drunken driving.
c) Two reasons for not having access to courts by all people include extreme poverty and lack of education. Many people lead a hand-to-mouth existence and do not have the means or time to get involved in lengthy legal proceedings. Lack of education further adds to their inability to seek legal redress.
Q.3 a) The original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court refers to the power of the Supreme Court to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, where the Supreme Court reviews the decision of a lower court. The Supreme Court exercises original jurisdiction in cases involving a dispute between the Government of India and one or more States, or between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more States on the other, or between two or more States.
b)
- Golden Fibre (Jute): It requires a well-drained fertile soil in the flood plains where soils are renewed every year. High temperature is required during the time of growth.
- Rice: It requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm.
- Tea/Coffee: They require warm and wet tropical climate with well-drained soil rich in humus.
Q.4 The question is not provided.
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