What do you mean by header and footer? Explain with an example.

Header and footer are terms used in document formatting, particularly in word processing software like Microsoft Word or Google Docs.

1. Header: This is the section at the top of each page in a document. It is often used to display information such as the document title, author, date, page number, or the title of the current chapter or section. The header is usually set to appear on every page, but it can be customized to vary from page to page or to not appear on certain pages.

For example, in a research paper, the header might include the title of the paper on the left side, the page number on the right side, and perhaps the author's name in the center. This information would then appear at the top of every page in the document.

2. Footer: This is the section at the bottom of each page in a document. Like the header, it can be used to display information that you want to appear on every page. The footer is often used for page numbers, footnotes, or citations.

For example, in a novel, the footer might simply be used to display the page number in the center of the bottom of each page. In a business report, the footer might include the company's contact information or a confidentiality notice.

In both cases, the header and footer are separate from the main body of the document, and they often appear in a smaller or different font to distinguish them from the main text.