1. Why are living organisms classified?2. Why are the classification systems changing every now and then?3. What different criteria would you choose to classify people that youmeet often?4. What do we learn from identification of individuals and populations?5. Given below is the scientific name of Mango. Identify the correctlywritten name.Mangifera IndicaMangifera indica6. Define a taxon. Give some examples of taxa at different hierarchicallevels.7. Can you identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories?(a) Species Order Phylum Kingdom(b) Genus Species Order Kingdom(c) Species Genus Order Phylum8. Try to collect all the currently accepted meanings for the word ‘species’.Discuss with your teacher the meaning of species in case of higherplants and animals on one hand, and bacteria on the other hand.9. Define and understand the following terms:(i) Phylum (ii) Class (iii) Family (iv) Order (v) Genus10. Illustrate the taxonomical hierarchy with suitable examples of a plantand an animal

Living organisms are classified to make the study of a wide variety of organisms easy and systematic. It helps in understanding the interrelationships among different groups of organisms and in the identification of new organisms.

Classification systems change because our understanding of the life forms and their relationships improves over time. As new information becomes available, particularly with the advancement of genetic studies, changes are made to reflect a more accurate evolutionary relationship.

People can be classified based on various criteria such as age, gender, occupation, nationality, language spoken, etc.

Identification of individuals and populations helps in understanding the diversity of life forms. It aids in studying the characteristics, behavior, and interactions of organisms, and their roles in the ecosystem.

The correctly written scientific name of Mango is Mangifera indica. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name is capitalized and the species name is in lowercase. Both are italicized.

A taxon is a group of organisms that a taxonomist adjudges to be a unit. Examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels are: Kingdom - Animalia, Phylum - Chordata, Class - Mammalia, Order - Primates, Family - Hominidae, Genus - Homo, Species - Homo sapiens.

The correct sequence of taxonomical categories is: Species, Genus, Order, Phylum, Kingdom.

The term 'species' refers to a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. However, the concept of species varies in higher plants and animals, and bacteria due to differences in modes of reproduction.

(i) Phylum: A rank in the classification hierarchy above class and below kingdom. (ii) Class: A rank in the classification hierarchy above order and below phylum. (iii) Family: A rank in the classification hierarchy above genus and below order. (iv) Order: A rank in the classification hierarchy above family and below class. (v) Genus: A rank in the classification hierarchy above species and below family.

Taxonomical hierarchy for a plant (Mango): Kingdom - Plantae, Division - Magnoliophyta, Class - Magnoliopsida, Order - Sapindales, Family - Anacardiaceae, Genus - Mangifera, Species - Mangifera indica. For an animal (Human): Kingdom - Animalia, Phylum - Chordata, Class - Mammalia, Order - Primates, Family - Hominidae, Genus - Homo, Species - Homo sapiens.