When shooting two free throws, if a Red Devil basketball player makes her first free throw, there is a 90% chance that she will make her second free throw. If she misses her first free throw, there is only a 45% chance that she will make her second free throw. Suppose the chance she makes her first free throw is 70%, what is the probability: a) She makes both free throws? b) She misses both free throws? c) She makes exactly one of the two free throws? d) She makes at least one of the free throws? For each of the above, you may enter a calculation that leads to your answer.
Question
When shooting two free throws, if a Red Devil basketball player makes her first free throw, there is a 90% chance that she will make her second free throw. If she misses her first free throw, there is only a 45% chance that she will make her second free throw. Suppose the chance she makes her first free throw is 70%, what is the probability: a) She makes both free throws?
b) She misses both free throws?
c) She makes exactly one of the two free throws?
d) She makes at least one of the free throws?
For each of the above, you may enter a calculation that leads to your answer.
Solution
a) The probability she makes both free throws is the product of the probability she makes the first free throw and the probability she makes the second free throw given she made the first. This is 0.70 * 0.90 = 0.63 or 63%.
b) The probability she misses both free throws is the product of the probability she misses the first free throw and the probability she misses the second free throw given she missed the first. This is (1 - 0.70) * (1 - 0.45) = 0.165 or 16.5%.
c) The probability she makes exactly one of the two free throws is the sum of the probability she makes the first and misses the second and the probability she misses the first and makes the second. This is (0.70 * (1 - 0.90)) + ((1 - 0.70) * 0.45) = 0.07 + 0.135 = 0.205 or 20.5%.
d) The probability she makes at least one of the free throws is 1 minus the probability she misses both free throws. This is 1 - 0.165 = 0.835 or 83.5%.
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