If completing this question, answer both parts of the question (5 Marks in total).In relation to vertical water movement inside a plant:(a)      Briefly explain how it is possible for a plant to move water upwards against gravity; (2 Marks)(b)     Name and explain one (1) mechanism used by plants to regulate and thus decrease water loss during the summer soil water restriction period. (3 Marks)

Water is able to travel against gravity, from the roots of a plant to the leaves at the top of the plant.Which of the following processes best explains the movement of water in this phenomenon?

Water flows up a plant's stem against the force of gravity.In which of the following ways could the movement of water up a plant be modeled? A. Place the tip of a sponge in water dyed with food coloring. Watch how the water moves up the sponge. B. Pour a glass of water on top of a towel that is spread out on a table. C. Place a clear pipe in a small tub of water. Shake the tub back and forth. Watch how the water moves around the pipe. D. Blow through a clear straw in a glass of water. Observe the level of water inside the straw.

Which of the options describe the movement of water through a plant and why? A- The Casparian Strip forces water to enter the cytoplasm before it can enter the xylem, B-water can move across the route by the apoplast pathway because of plasmodesmata between cells, C- water is drawn up by the xylem because of adhesion between water molecules, D- water move by osmosis from a low water potential to a high water potential. This question is from a level biology OCR A

Atmospheric pressure can support a column of water up to 10 meters high. But plants can move water much higher, the sequoia tree can pump water to its very top, more than 100 meters above the ground. Until the end of the nineteenth century, the movement of water's in trees and other tall plants was a mystery. Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps, but many experiments demonstrated that the stems of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights. Other explanations for the movement of water in plants have been based on root pressure, a push on the water from the roots at the bottom of the plant. But root pressure is not nearly great enough to push water to the tops of tall trees, Furthermore, the conifers, which are among the tallest trees have unusually low root pressures.If water is not pumped to the top of a tall tree, and if it is not pushed, to the top of a tall tree, then we may ask. How does it get there? According to the currently accepted cohesion-tension theory, water is pulled there. The pull on a rising column of water in plant results from the evaporation of water at the top of the plant. As water is lost room the surface of the leaves, a negative pressure or tension is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water. When water is confined in tubes of very small bore, the forces of cohesion (the attraction between water molecules) are so great that the strength of a column of water compares with the strength of a steel wire of the same diameter. This cohesive strength permits columns of water to be pulled to great heights without being broken.

State the forces involved which helps in transport of water through plants.