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Which of the contexts below could be modeled by an exponential function?AnswerMultiple Choice AnswersA music service has a fixed monthly cost and charges $0.40 for each downloaded song.A sunflower was growing at a rate of 1 inches per week.A radioactive compound decays at a rate of 13% per hour.Snow was melting at a rate of 2.5 inches per hour.

Question

Which of the contexts below could be modeled by an exponential function?AnswerMultiple Choice AnswersA music service has a fixed monthly cost and charges $0.40 for each downloaded song.A sunflower was growing at a rate of 1 inches per week.A radioactive compound decays at a rate of 13% per hour.Snow was melting at a rate of 2.5 inches per hour.

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Solution

The context that could be modeled by an exponential function is "A radioactive compound decays at a rate of 13% per hour."

This is because an exponential function describes a rate of change that is proportional to the current state of the system. In this case, the amount of the radioactive compound changes (decays) at a rate proportional to the amount present. The other options describe linear rates of change, not exponential.

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Let’s do an example together that is an exponential decay model.ProblemThe cost of a new car is $32,000$32,000. It depreciates at a rate of 15%15% per year. This means that it loses 15%15% of its value each year.Draw a graph of the car’s value against time in years.Find the formula that gives the value of the car in terms of time.Find the value of the car when it is four years old. SolutionThis is an exponential decay function. Start by making a table of values. To fill in the values we start with when t=0𝑡=0. Then we multiply the value of the car by 85%85% for each passing year. (Since the car loses 15%15% of its value, it keeps 85%85% of its value. 100−15=85100−15=85.) Remember 85%=0.8585%=0.85.Time Value (Thousands)0032321127.227.22223.123.13319.719.74416.716.75514.214.2The general formula is y=a(b)x𝑦=𝑎(𝑏)𝑥. In this case y𝑦 is the value of the car, x𝑥 is the time in years, a=32,000𝑎=32,000 is the starting amount in thousands, and b=0.85𝑏=0.85 since we multiply the value in any year by this factor to get the value of the car in the following year. The formula for this problem is:y=𝑦= (( )x)𝑥Finally, to find the value of the car when it is four years old, we use x=4𝑥=4 in the formula. Remember the value is in thousands.y=32000(0.85)4=𝑦=32000(0.85)4= At 44 years old, we expect the car to be worth $$ CheckQuestion 2

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