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1 Which one of the following is a merit good?A Alcohol B Drugs C Insurance D Tobacco (1 mark)2 Which one of the following is a demerit good?A Leisure activitiesB Loud musicC MuseumsD Seatbelts (1 mark)3 A wind farm might be classified as a demerit good because it:A Is a green form of energyB Is more expensive than some other forms of energyC Does not pollute the airD Can be unsightly (1 mark)4 ‘A good is a demerit good if it produces ….(a)…. externalities and if imperfectinformation leads to an ….(b)…. of its benefits to society.’ Which answer belowprovides the missing words at (a) and (b)?A (a) positive (b) overestimationB (a) positive (b) underestimationC (a) negative (b) overestimationD (a) negative (b) underestimation (1 mark)5 Define the term ‘merit good’. (3 marks)6 Define the term ‘imperfect information’. (3 marks)

Question

1 Which one of the following is a merit good?A Alcohol B Drugs C Insurance D Tobacco (1 mark)2 Which one of the following is a demerit good?A Leisure activitiesB Loud musicC MuseumsD Seatbelts (1 mark)3 A wind farm might be classified as a demerit good because it:A Is a green form of energyB Is more expensive than some other forms of energyC Does not pollute the airD Can be unsightly (1 mark)4 ‘A good is a demerit good if it produces ….(a)…. externalities and if imperfectinformation leads to an ….(b)…. of its benefits to society.’ Which answer belowprovides the missing words at (a) and (b)?A (a) positive (b) overestimationB (a) positive (b) underestimationC (a) negative (b) overestimationD (a) negative (b) underestimation (1 mark)5 Define the term ‘merit good’. (3 marks)6 Define the term ‘imperfect information’. (3 marks)

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Solution

  1. A merit good from the options provided is C Insurance. Merit goods are those that are deemed socially desirable and are often provided by the government for free or at reduced costs.

  2. A demerit good from the options provided is B Loud music. Demerit goods are those that are considered to be harmful to individuals or society and are often over-consumed if left to market forces.

  3. A wind farm might be classified as a demerit good because of option D: it can be unsightly. While wind farms provide renewable energy, they can also be considered visually unappealing or disruptive to local wildlife, which are negative externalities.

  4. The correct answer is D: (a) negative (b) underestimation. A good is a demerit good if it produces negative externalities (harmful effects on third parties) and if imperfect information leads to an underestimation of its benefits to society.

  5. A merit good is a commodity or service that society deems as valuable or beneficial for individuals or the community as a whole. These goods are often provided by the government or subsidized because they are under-provided by the market due to their non-excludable and non-rivalrous nature.

  6. Imperfect information refers to a situation where buyers and/or sellers do not have all the necessary information to make an informed decision about a product or service. This can lead to market inefficiencies, such as under or over consumption of goods or services.

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