Gandhiji believed that the British rule in India was established and maintained through the cooperation of Indians. He argued that if Indians refused to cooperate, British rule would collapse and self-rule (Swaraj) would be established. Therefore, in 1920, Gandhiji initiated the Non-Cooperation Movement.

The momentum of this movement was fueled by several activities:

1. Renouncing of titles and honors given by the British: This was a symbolic act of rejecting the authority and legitimacy of the British rule.

2. Boycott of legislatures: This was a refusal to participate in the political institutions established by the British, thereby denying them legitimacy.

3. Boycott of schools and colleges by students and teachers: This was a rejection of the British education system, which was seen as a tool of colonial control.

4. Opening of Jamia Milia at Aligarh and Kashi Vidya Peeth at Benaras: These were alternative educational institutions established to provide education that was free from British influence.

5. Boycott of government offices and courts: This was a refusal to participate in the administrative and judicial institutions of the British, thereby denying them legitimacy.

6. Hartals and strikes all over the country: These were acts of mass protest and civil disobedience, aimed at disrupting the normal functioning of the British administration.

Through these activities, the Non-Cooperation Movement sought to undermine the British rule in India and pave the way for Swaraj.

Question

Gandhiji believed that the British rule in India was established and maintained through the cooperation of Indians. He argued that if Indians refused to cooperate, British rule would collapse and self-rule (Swaraj) would be established. Therefore, in 1920, Gandhiji initiated the Non-Cooperation Movement.

The momentum of this movement was fueled by several activities:

1. Renouncing of titles and honors given by the British: This was a symbolic act of rejecting the authority and legitimacy of the British rule.

2. Boycott of legislatures: This was a refusal to participate in the political institutions established by the British, thereby denying them legitimacy.

3. Boycott of schools and colleges by students and teachers: This was a rejection of the British education system, which was seen as a tool of colonial control.

4. Opening of Jamia Milia at Aligarh and Kashi Vidya Peeth at Benaras: These were alternative educational institutions established to provide education that was free from British influence.

5. Boycott of government offices and courts: This was a refusal to participate in the administrative and judicial institutions of the British, thereby denying them legitimacy.

6. Hartals and strikes all over the country: These were acts of mass protest and civil disobedience, aimed at disrupting the normal functioning of the British administration.

Through these activities, the Non-Cooperation Movement sought to undermine the British rule in India and pave the way for Swaraj.

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