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What was the name of the first computer program designed to play Chess?

Question

What was the name of the first computer program designed to play Chess?

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Solution

The first computer program designed to play Chess was called "El Ajedrecista". It was created by Leonardo Torres y Quevedo in 1912.

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Computer Games Through the AgesAs with many inventions, the computer’s creation can be traced back to a military-driven incentive. The first computers were built during WWII and, shortly afterwards, they were introduced to universities worldwide. In the early 1950s, many academic researchers started to develop games. Alan Turing, the inventor of the Turing machine and the father of modern computer science, invented a chess program in 1950, but the program was never turned into a proper game. The first games that were properly implemented in computers appeared not long after and featured exercises like noughts and crosses and Nimrod, which by today’s standards were incredibly simple, but were revolutionary in their day. In comparison to the popular board games at the time, the computer games of the 1950s were remarkably basic, and yet it was very expensive to own a computer. It is probably for a combination of these two factors that computer games did not become mainstream until the 1970s and the 1980s.It might be said that the gaming revolution properly started in the early 1960s with Spacewar! or perhaps in the early 1970s with Pong, a simple game designed to emulate table tennis (or ping pong). In Pong, players had to move their bat up and down a screen to hit a ball back to their partner and stop the ball from going past them. If it did so, their opponent won the point, much like real table tennis. The ball sped up as hits were made and thus became more difficult. Pong inspired many similar bat and ball type games, and the market for dedicated consoles (where just one game could be played) exploded.In the late 1970s, computer games infiltrated the arcade industry. Amusement arcades had long been popular around the world, featuring card games, slot machines, and table games such as pool and pinball. It was not until the Japanese game Space Invaders arrived that computer games became the most popular games played in arcades. Its graphics were not hugely improved from its predecessors, but Space Invaders traded bats and balls for guns and aliens, as well as introducing saved high scores, music, and enemies that would shoot back at you. All of this made computer games a more attractive proposition for gamers. Space Invaders paved the way for games like Pac-Man and Donkey Kong, which gave us trademark characters and mazes to navigate. By the mid-1980s, the computer game industry was worth billions of dollars and had become popular amongst both men and women.At roughly the same time as the gaming revolution was taking place in arcades, a new type of console was appearing in countries around the world. Following on from the dedicated consoles which played single games such as Pong, second generation consoles such as the Atari and the Channel F were becoming increasingly popular. Unlike the dedicated consoles which came before them, the second generation consoles were able to play multiple games stored in cartridges.Read carefully and answer the questions:Select the correct answer:->Games were first developed by the military. False True It does not say.Select the correct answer:->Why didn’t computer games catch on in the 1950s? The games were expensive. The games were too difficult. The games were too simple.Select the correct answer:->When does the article suggest that computer games really took off? The 1980s The 1970s The 1960sSelect the correct answer:->Why did Space Invaders become so popular? It involved a huge step back in graphics. Various features that previous games didn't have. Because aliens are more meaningful than table tennis.Select the correct answer:->What did Pac-Man and Donkey Kong offer that their predecessor Space Invaders had not? Relatable topics High score tables Identifiable charactersSelect the correct answer:->By the 1980s the computer game industry was worth _____ of dollars. 100,000,000s 1,000,000,000s 10,000,000sSelect the correct answer:->What was the primary difference between dedicated and second generation consoles? They were created for different target markets. Dedicated consoles only worked in arcades. Second generation consoles could play more games.Select the correct answer:->Which statement is true of amusement arcades prior to the arrival of video games? They were in need of new material. People preferred consoles. They were already popular.

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What was the name of the first widely used programming language?a. BASICb. COBOLc. Fortrand. Pascal

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