When a steroid hormone binds to its target cell receptor, it:Group of answer choicesalters the membrane’s permeability to G proteins.is converted into cholesterol, which acts as a second messenger.causes the formation of releasing hormones.turns specific genes of the nuclear DNA on or off.causes the formation of cyclic AMP

Steroid hormones result in:Group of answer choicesdirect gene activationhormone binding to a membrane-bound receptoractivation of a G proteinactivation of adenylate cyclaseproduction of 2nd messengersall of theseNext

Which of the following statements best describes an important characteristic of the general steroid hormone receptor mechanism of action?Group of answer choicesSteroid receptors are bound to response elements even before binding to their ligand.Coactivator complexes that are recruited to ligand bound receptor remove acetyl groups from histones.Steroid hormone receptors are bound to heat shock proteins (hsps) in the inactive state before binding to a hormone.Helix 12 of the ligand binding domain is always positioned the same way regardless of binding to an agonist or an antagonist.Steroid receptors are always found in the nuclear cell membrane, which is why they are called nuclear receptors.

13. Steroid hormones such as estrogen act on target cells bya. initiating ion channel activity.b. binding to membrane proteins.c. initiating DNA transcription.d. activating enzymes.e. binding to membrane lipids.

Peptide hormonesMultiple Choiceare able to pass through the membrane and bind to a receptor in the cytoplasm.bind to a receptor in the plasma membrane.act much more slowly than steroid hormones.initiate gene expression.are composed of a complex of four carbon rings.

Which of the following is true about steroid hormones?Multiple ChoiceSteroid hormones can diffuse through the lipid bilayer.Receptors for steroid hormones are found on the cell membrane.Steroid hormones use a second messenger mechanism to cause an effect in the cell.Steroid hormones can travel freely in the blood.