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Consider the “Cobb-Douglas” production function given by  𝑌=𝐴𝐾𝛼𝐿1−𝛼where   𝐴>0 and 0<𝛼<1 . Let 𝑦=𝑌𝐿   denote output per worker (i.e., the average product of labour) and let 𝑘=𝐾𝐿 denote capital per worker. Which of the following is FALSE?Group of answer choicesThe average product of labour is greater than the marginal product of labourThe average product of labour is higher the higher capital per worker isThe marginal product of labour is lower the higher capital per worker isNone of the other options

Question

Consider the “Cobb-Douglas” production function given by  𝑌=𝐴𝐾𝛼𝐿1−𝛼where   𝐴>0 and 0<𝛼<1 . Let 𝑦=𝑌𝐿   denote output per worker (i.e., the average product of labour) and let 𝑘=𝐾𝐿 denote capital per worker. Which of the following is FALSE?Group of answer choicesThe average product of labour is greater than the marginal product of labourThe average product of labour is higher the higher capital per worker isThe marginal product of labour is lower the higher capital per worker isNone of the other options

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Solution

The statement "The average product of labour is greater than the marginal product of labour" is FALSE.

In the context of the Cobb-Douglas production function, the marginal product of labor is actually greater than the average product of labor. This is because the marginal product of labor (the additional output produced by adding one more unit of labor, holding all else constant) tends to decrease as more labor is added due to the law of diminishing marginal returns. On the other hand, the average product of labor (total output divided by the number of units of labor) can continue to increase as long as total output is rising faster than the number of units of labor.

So, in the Cobb-Douglas production function, it is not true that the average product of labor is always greater than the marginal product of labor.

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