Many paediatric cardiac abnormalities are congenital and detected soon after birth. All such cases require transfer to a tertiary paediatric hospital for surgery or medical management. Question 7Select one:TrueFalse

Innocent cardiac murmurs occur in up to 50% of normal children; they usually occur between birth and 6 years, although may also be present from early infancy to early adolescence.Question 19Select one:TrueFalse

A male patient was born with an abnormal opening in the muscular wall separating the two ventricles of the heart.  The opening allows blood to flow from the left to the right ventricle.  If left untreated, this cardiac defect may cause any of the following in the patient EXCEPT:A.increased blood flow into the pulmonary artery.B.increased blood volume in the left atrium.C.low volume of oxygenated blood in the systemic arteries.D.reduced volume of oxygenated blood exiting the right ventricle.

Quelles sont les complications directement attribuées à une endocardite infectieuseAUne dissection de l'aorte descendanteBUne hémorragie cérébraleCUne insuffisance cardiaqueDUn abcès spléniqueEUn trouble de l'excitabilité à 'étage ventriculaire

28. Before birth in the mammalian fetal heart, the ductus arteriosus joins the pulmonary artery andthe aorta and the foramen ovale joins the two atria. Why do these modifications disappear hoursafter birth?A. The fetal heart is not yet strong enough to sustain a normal circulation.B. Development of the beating heart is one of the last steps in the maturation of the fetus.C. The pulmonary circulation is bypassed because the fetus is not breathing in the womb.D. Maternal hormones suppress the competing infant circulation via the placenta.E. They act as safety valves to relieve the pressure of the viscous amniotic fluid on the fetal heart.

congenital anomalies is caused by