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A 27‐year‐old woman presents to her general practitioner with fatigue and easy bruising. A full blood count shows pancytopenia, and she is admitted to the hospital. The partial thromboplastin and prothrombin time (international normalized ratio) are both abnormal, and fragmented red cells are noted on blood film. Which ONE of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this case?

Question

A 27‐year‐old woman presents to her general practitioner with fatigue and easy bruising. A full blood count shows pancytopenia, and she is admitted to the hospital. The partial thromboplastin and prothrombin time (international normalized ratio) are both abnormal, and fragmented red cells are noted on blood film. Which ONE of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this case?

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Solution

The symptoms and lab results presented suggest that this patient is most likely suffering from Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). DIC is a condition characterized by systemic activation of blood clotting, which results in the formation and deposition of fibrin, leading to microvascular thrombi in various organs and contributing to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The symptoms of fatigue and easy bruising, the pancytopenia seen in the full blood count, the abnormal partial thromboplastin and prothrombin time (international normalized ratio), and the presence of fragmented red cells on blood film are all consistent with this diagnosis.

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