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II. What is ‘Genome’? What is ‘Human Genome Project’?

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II. What is ‘Genome’? What is ‘Human Genome Project’?

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A 'Genome' is the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism. It is essentially the blueprint for an organism's structure and function. It contains all the information needed to build and maintain that organism. In humans, the genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes, found in the nucleus of our cells.

The 'Human Genome Project' was an international scientific research project with a primary goal to determine the sequence of the human genome and identify the genes that it contains. The project was started in 1990 and was completed in 2003. It was coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institutes of Health. The project has provided a vast amount of information and has transformed the field of genomics. It has led to significant advances in understanding diseases and finding new ways to treat them.

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