Which of the following concepts is a common part of most of the philosophical systemsa.all of the aboveb.Liberationc.Re-birthd.Karma

To answer the question, we need to analyze each option and determine if it is a common part of most philosophical systems.

a. "All of the above": This option suggests that all of the concepts mentioned (liberation, re-birth, and karma) are common parts of most philosophical systems. To determine if this is true, we need to examine each concept individually.

b. "Liberation": Liberation refers to the state of being free from suffering, ignorance, and the cycle of rebirth. This concept is indeed a common part of many philosophical systems, particularly those that focus on achieving enlightenment or spiritual liberation.

c. "Re-birth": Re-birth, also known as reincarnation, is the belief that after death, an individual's soul is reborn into a new body. This concept is also commonly found in various philosophical systems, particularly those influenced by Eastern religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism.

d. "Karma": Karma refers to the law of cause and effect, where one's actions in the present life determine their future experiences and circumstances. This concept is widely recognized and incorporated into many philosophical systems, including Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

Based on the analysis of each option, it can be concluded that all of the concepts mentioned (liberation, re-birth, and karma) are indeed common parts of most philosophical systems. Therefore, the correct answer is option a. "All of the above."