What is the name for a predefined framework that can be used for controlling access, and is embedded into software and hardware?

The name for a predefined framework that can be used for controlling access, and is embedded into software and hardware is called an "Access Control List" or ACL.

Here are the steps to understand this:

1. Predefined Framework: This refers to a set of rules or guidelines that have been established in advance. In the context of software and hardware, these rules are often programmed into the system.

2. Controlling Access: This is the process of determining who or what is allowed to access certain resources. In the context of software and hardware, this could refer to anything from files on a computer to web pages on a server.

3. Embedded into Software and Hardware: This means that the framework is built directly into the system itself. It's not something that can be added or removed without altering the system's code or physical components.

4. Access Control List (ACL): This is a list of permissions attached to an object. An ACL specifies which users or system processes are granted access to objects, as well as what operations are allowed on given objects. Each entry in a typical ACL specifies a subject and an operation. For instance, if a file object has an ACL that contains (Alice: read,write; Bob: read), this would give Alice permission to read and write the file and Bob to only read it.