Text messaging while driving increases the risk of a motor vehicle accident more than twenty-fold.  The number of deadly highway accidents has spiked after decades of decline, mainly because of texting while driving.  Despite this, nearly 40% of American drivers report having texted while driving and 20% of drivers report doing so regularly.  Motor vehicle traffic accidents are the leading cause of death among Americans age 16 to 25.Researchers conducted a study to investigate the extent to which driving is impaired by prolonged gazes away from the highway (as a correlate to texting while driving) for males with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).  Eighty 16-year-old males with a valid driver's license were recruited for the study; half had ADHD (26 diagnosed as mild, 14 diagnosed as moderate) and half did not.  Each participant was asked to complete six driving tasks (eg, avoiding an object on the road, merging, making unexpected stops) using a highly realistic driving simulator that projects computer-generated, two-dimensional, 360º visuals, requiring the use of side and rearview mirrors.  The baseline condition included no distraction.  In the first distraction condition, participants drove while conducting a hands-free phone conversation, and in the second distraction condition they were texting while driving.  Two dependent variables were assessed:  (1) percentage of driving time with eyes diverted from the road, and (2) number of glances away from the road lasting longer than two seconds.Under both distraction conditions, participants with ADHD (compared to those without ADHD) demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of driving time with eyes diverted from the road, as well as a significantly higher number of prolonged glances away from the road.  In addition, unsteady lane position while driving was correlated with both ADHD and texting.  The researchers concluded that impairments in driving performance were due to the extreme cognitive workload of competing tasks and visual inattention. Question 22A proponent of the biological perspective would suggest that distracted driving should decrease with age as:A.the prefrontal cortex develops.B.individuals are punished for it.C.it is naturally selected for in the population.D.individuals become less influenced by peer pressure

Which statement primarily appeals to ethos, or character, to support the position that laws that forbid texting while driving are necessary for public safety?With distracted drivers causing eighteen percent of all fatal car crashes in America, prohibiting texting while driving is an obvious step in the right direction.As a daily commuter, I see dozens of people on the road using their phones while driving. They are sometimes so distracted that they drift into my lane.Submit

Due to __________ attention, your attention focuses on a single stimuli or group of stimuli like a spotlight, which can cause accidents when you think you can multitask by texting and driving.selectivepresentspotlight

Read the following extract from the above article and answer the related questions to see if you understand the data.The public overwhelmingly supports the prohibition of text messaging while driving, the latest New York Times/CBS News poll finds. Ninety percent of adults say sending a text message while driving should be illegal, and only 8% disagree.                 ...The Times/CBS News telephone poll was conducted September 19–23 with 1,042 adults nationwide and has a margin of sampling error of plus or minus three percentage points.QUESTION: How was the sample taken, and what was the result of the survey?Group of answer choicesThe poll was a telephone poll and 90% of the sample said sending a text message while driving should be illegal.The poll was texted to 90% of the population and 8% said sending a text message while driving should be illegal.The poll was a telephone poll and 90% of the population said sending a text message while driving should be illegal.The poll was a telephone poll and 90% of the population said sending a text message while driving should be illegal.

A study by Strayer and Johnston (2001), examining the effects of phone use on driving found thatQuestion 11Answera.reaction times were significantly higher in hands-free conditions compared to handheld conditions.b.results were different for handheld and hands-free conditions.c.results were the same for handheld or hands-free conditions.d.phone use had no effect on driving.

A recent study examined 699 car accidents in Toronto over a fourteen-month period. Records of phone-serviceproviders were used to determine whether the driver was using a cell phone during or immediately before theaccident. Overall, the researchers found that drivers using cell phones were 4.3 times as likely to have anaccident as drivers who were not using cell phones. The result was statistically significant. Which of thefollowing can be concluded from this study?(A) Cell phone use increases the likelihood of a car accident.(B) There is an association between cell phone use and accidents, but not necessarily a causal relationship.(C) There is a correlation between cell phone use and accidents, but not necessarily an association.(D) The association between cell phone use and accidents is negative.(E) Cell phone use causes more accidents in Canada, but not necessarily in the United States