Consider water flowing through a horizontal pipe with uniform cross section. Which of the following statements is true? Recognize that friction exists. There are no pumps within the system boundaries. Group of answer choices The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be greater than that at the pipe exit The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be less than that at the pipe exit The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be the same as that at the pipe exit The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe exit will approach zero
Question
Consider water flowing through a horizontal pipe with uniform cross section. Which of the following statements is true? Recognize that friction exists. There are no pumps within the system boundaries. Group of answer choices
The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be greater than that at the pipe exit
The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be less than that at the pipe exit
The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be the same as that at the pipe exit
The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe exit will approach zero
Solution
The correct answer is:
The total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be greater than that at the pipe exit.
Explanation:
In a real fluid flowing through a pipe, friction between the fluid and the pipe walls will cause energy loss in the form of heat. This means that some of the mechanical energy (which includes kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure energy) of the fluid at the pipe entry will be lost by the time the fluid reaches the pipe exit. Therefore, the total mechanical energy of the fluid at the pipe entry must be greater than that at the pipe exit.
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