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CH3OH (l) + CO (g) →CH3COOH (l)In an experiment 15.0 g methanol and 10.0 g carbon monoxide were placed in a reaction vessel. b) If the actual yield is 19.1 g, what is the percentage yield?

Question

CH3OH (l) + CO (g) →CH3COOH (l)In an experiment 15.0 g methanol and 10.0 g carbon monoxide were placed in a reaction vessel. b) If the actual yield is 19.1 g, what is the percentage yield?

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Solution

Para resolver este problema, sigamos los siguientes pasos:

  1. Determinar los moles de cada reactivo:

    • Para el metanol (CH₃OH): Masa molar del CH₃OH=12.01(C)+4×1.01(H)+16.00(O)=32.05g/mol \text{Masa molar del CH₃OH} = 12.01 \, (\text{C}) + 4 \times 1.01 \, (\text{H}) + 16.00 \, (\text{O}) = 32.05 \, \text{g/mol} Moles de CH₃OH=15.0g32.05g/mol=0.468mol \text{Moles de CH₃OH} = \frac{15.0 \, \text{g}}{32.05 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.468 \, \text{mol}

    • Para el monóxido de carbono (CO): Masa molar del CO=12.01(C)+16.00(O)=28.01g/mol \text{Masa molar del CO} = 12.01 \, (\text{C}) + 16.00 \, (\text{O}) = 28.01 \, \text{g/mol} Moles de CO=10.0g28.01g/mol=0.357mol \text{Moles de CO} = \frac{10.0 \, \text{g}}{28.01 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.357 \, \text{mol}

  2. Determinar el reactivo limitante:

    La reacción es: CH₃OH (l)+CO (g)CH₃COOH (l) \text{CH₃OH (l)} + \text{CO (g)} \rightarrow \text{CH₃COOH (l)} La relación molar es 1:1 entre CH₃OH y CO.

    Comparando los moles disponibles: CH₃OH:0.468mol \text{CH₃OH:} \, 0.468 \, \text{mol} CO:0.357mol \text{CO:} \, 0.357 \, \text{mol}

    El CO es el reactivo limitante porque hay menos moles de CO que de CH₃OH.

  3. Calcular la cantidad teórica de ácido acético (CH₃COOH) producida:

    Dado que el CO es el reactivo limitante, la cantidad de CH₃COOH producida será igual a los moles de CO disponibles: Moles de CH₃COOH=0.357mol \text{Moles de CH₃COOH} = 0.357 \, \text{mol}

    La masa molar del CH₃COOH es: Masa molar del CH₃COOH=12.01(C)×2+4×1.01(H)+2×16.00(O)=60.05g/mol \text{Masa molar del CH₃COOH} = 12.01 \, (\text{C}) \times 2 + 4 \times 1.01 \, (\text{H}) + 2 \times 16.00 \, (\text{O}) = 60.05 \, \text{g/mol}

    La masa teórica de CH₃COOH es: Masa teoˊrica de CH₃COOH=0.357mol×60.05g/mol=21.44g \text{Masa teórica de CH₃COOH} = 0.357 \, \text{mol} \times 60.05 \, \text{g/mol} = 21.44 \, \text{g}

  4. Calcular el rendimiento porcentual:

    El rendimiento porcentual se calcula con la fórmula: Rendimiento porcentual=(rendimiento realrendimiento teoˊrico)×100 \text{Rendimiento porcentual} = \left( \frac{\text{rendimiento real}}{\text{rendimiento teórico}} \right) \times 100

    Sustituyendo los valores: Rendimiento porcentual=(19.1g21.44g)×100=89.1% \text{Rendimiento porcentual} = \left( \frac{19.1 \, \text{g}}{21.44 \, \text{g}} \right) \times 100 = 89.1\%

Por lo tanto, el rendimiento porcentual es 89.1%.

This problem has been solved

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