If the kinetic energy of a system increases while the system's thermal energy and potential energy are unaltered, which of the following is true? The system is doing work on the environment and the total mechanical energy of the system is higher. The environment is doing work on the system and the total mechanical energy of the system is lower. The system is doing work on the environment and the total mechanical energy of the system is lower. The environment is doing work on the system and the total mechanical energy of the system is higher.
Question
If the kinetic energy of a system increases while the system's thermal energy and potential energy are unaltered, which of the following is true? The system is doing work on the environment and the total mechanical energy of the system is higher. The environment is doing work on the system and the total mechanical energy of the system is lower. The system is doing work on the environment and the total mechanical energy of the system is lower. The environment is doing work on the system and the total mechanical energy of the system is higher.
Solution
The correct answer is: The environment is doing work on the system and the total mechanical energy of the system is higher.
Here's why:
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If the kinetic energy of a system increases, it means that work has been done on the system. This is because work is defined as the transfer of energy, and in this case, the energy has been transferred into the system, increasing its kinetic energy.
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Since the system's thermal and potential energy are unaltered, the increase in kinetic energy must have come from the environment. Therefore, the environment is doing work on the system.
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The total mechanical energy of a system is the sum of its kinetic energy and potential energy. Since the kinetic energy has increased while the potential energy has remained the same, the total mechanical energy of the system has increased.
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