Which of the following models best depicts how the genetic information in a retrovirus is eventually translated into proteins?Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) DNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → ProteinsADNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → Proteins(Choice B) RNA in the retrovirus → DNA in the host cell → RNA in the host cell → ProteinsBRNA in the retrovirus → DNA in the host cell → RNA in the host cell → Proteins(Choice C) DNA in the retrovirus → RNA in the host cell → ProteinsCDNA in the retrovirus → RNA in the host cell → Proteins(Choice D) RNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → ProteinsDRNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → Proteins
Question
Which of the following models best depicts how the genetic information in a retrovirus is eventually translated into proteins?Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) DNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → ProteinsADNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → Proteins(Choice B) RNA in the retrovirus → DNA in the host cell → RNA in the host cell → ProteinsBRNA in the retrovirus → DNA in the host cell → RNA in the host cell → Proteins(Choice C) DNA in the retrovirus → RNA in the host cell → ProteinsCDNA in the retrovirus → RNA in the host cell → Proteins(Choice D) RNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → ProteinsDRNA in the retrovirus → mRNA in the host cell → Proteins
Solution
The correct answer is (Choice B) RNA in the retrovirus → DNA in the host cell → RNA in the host cell → Proteins.
This is because retroviruses are a type of RNA virus that inserts a copy of its genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the cell's genetic components. This process is known as reverse transcription and it's facilitated by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase.
So, the process goes like this:
- The retrovirus, which contains RNA, invades a host cell.
- The RNA from the retrovirus is reverse transcribed into DNA by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
- This newly formed DNA is integrated into the host cell's DNA.
- The host cell then transcribes this viral DNA into mRNA.
- The mRNA is then translated into proteins, which will be used to assemble new copies of the virus.
Therefore, the model that best depicts this process is: RNA in the retrovirus → DNA in the host cell → RNA in the host cell → Proteins.
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