Cytochrome C is a protein that functions in cellular respiration as part of the electron transport chain. It is frequently used to determine evolutionary relationships between different organisms because it is highly conserved (only differs slightly) between different organisms. A student researching evolutionary relationships between different organisms came across the following information about the differences between cytochrome C proteins in different organisms when compared to humans. Number of different amino acids compared to humansChimpanzee 0Rhesus Monkey 1Cow 10Yeast 42 An antibody to the human cytochrome C protein was used in an ELISA test on cytochrome C samples from these four organisms. Put the expected results for these four samples in order from darkest color to lightest color.Rank the options below.YeastYeastopen choices for rankingChimpanzeeChimpanzeeopen choices for rankingCowCowopen choices for rankingRhesus Monkey
Question
Cytochrome C is a protein that functions in cellular respiration as part of the electron transport chain. It is frequently used to determine evolutionary relationships between different organisms because it is highly conserved (only differs slightly) between different organisms. A student researching evolutionary relationships between different organisms came across the following information about the differences between cytochrome C proteins in different organisms when compared to humans. Number of different amino acids compared to humansChimpanzee 0Rhesus Monkey 1Cow 10Yeast 42 An antibody to the human cytochrome C protein was used in an ELISA test on cytochrome C samples from these four organisms. Put the expected results for these four samples in order from darkest color to lightest color.Rank the options below.YeastYeastopen choices for rankingChimpanzeeChimpanzeeopen choices for rankingCowCowopen choices for rankingRhesus Monkey
Solution
The ELISA test measures the amount of antibody binding, which is directly proportional to the similarity of the proteins. The more similar the protein is to the human cytochrome C protein, the more the antibody will bind, and the darker the color will be.
Therefore, the expected results from darkest to lightest color would be:
- Chimpanzee
- Rhesus Monkey
- Cow
- Yeast
This is because the chimpanzee has no differences in the amino acids of its cytochrome C protein compared to humans, the rhesus monkey has only one difference, the cow has 10 differences, and the yeast has 42 differences. The more differences there are, the less the antibody will bind, and the lighter the color will be.
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