Following are comparative balance sheets spanning 3 years. Express the balance sheets in common-size percentages for each year.Comparative Balance SheetsFor Years Ended December 31 Current Year 1 Year Ago 2 Years AgoCash $ 640 $ 525 $ 552Accounts receivable, net 960 1,200 1,104Merchandise inventory 2,000 1,650 1,242Plant assets, net 4,400 4,125 4,002Total assets $ 8,000 $ 7,500 $ 6,900Accounts payable $ 1,600 $ 825 $ 966Long-term notes payable 1,760 1,875 1,518Common stock 3,440 3,675 3,450Retained earnings 1,200 1,125 966Total liabilities and equity $ 8,000 $ 7,500 $ 6,900
Question
Following are comparative balance sheets spanning 3 years. Express the balance sheets in common-size percentages for each year.Comparative Balance SheetsFor Years Ended December 31 Current Year 1 Year Ago 2 Years AgoCash 525 8,000 6,900Accounts payable 825 8,000 6,900
Solution
To express the balance sheets in common-size percentages, we need to calculate each item as a percentage of total assets for each year. Here's how to do it:
For the current year:
- Cash: 8000 = 0.08 or 8%
- Accounts receivable, net: 8000 = 0.12 or 12%
- Merchandise inventory: 8000 = 0.25 or 25%
- Plant assets, net: 8000 = 0.55 or 55%
- Total assets: 8000 = 1 or 100%
- Accounts payable: 8000 = 0.2 or 20%
- Long-term notes payable: 8000 = 0.22 or 22%
- Common stock: 8000 = 0.43 or 43%
- Retained earnings: 8000 = 0.15 or 15%
- Total liabilities and equity: 8000 = 1 or 100%
For 1 year ago:
- Cash: 7500 = 0.07 or 7%
- Accounts receivable, net: 7500 = 0.16 or 16%
- Merchandise inventory: 7500 = 0.22 or 22%
- Plant assets, net: 7500 = 0.55 or 55%
- Total assets: 7500 = 1 or 100%
- Accounts payable: 7500 = 0.11 or 11%
- Long-term notes payable: 7500 = 0.25 or 25%
- Common stock: 7500 = 0.49 or 49%
- Retained earnings: 7500 = 0.15 or 15%
- Total liabilities and equity: 7500 = 1 or 100%
For 2 years ago:
- Cash: 6900 = 0.08 or 8%
- Accounts receivable, net: 6900 = 0.16 or 16%
- Merchandise inventory: 6900 = 0.18 or 18%
- Plant assets, net: 6900 = 0.58 or 58%
- Total assets: 6900 = 1 or 100%
- Accounts payable: 6900 = 0.14 or 14%
- Long-term notes payable: 6900 = 0.22 or 22%
- Common stock: 6900 = 0.5 or 50%
- Retained earnings: 6900 = 0.14 or 14%
- Total liabilities and equity: 6900 = 1 or 100%
This way, you can compare the relative importance of each item over the years.
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