The North American bison was hunted to near-extinction in the 1800s. It has since recovered, but with decreased genetic diversity. This is an example ofMultiple Choicethe founder effect.the bottleneck effect.natural selection.increased mutation rate.artificial selection.

An earthquake causes the size of a deer population to drop rapidly over a short period. Allele frequencies shift. What mechanism of evolution does this situation illustrate?Multiple Choicesexual selectionmigrationartificial selectiongenetic drift - bottleneck effectgenetic drift - founder effectdisruptive selectionnatural selection

If a species has a genetic change and another species has a subsequent genetic change, this would be called an example ofMultiple choice question.coevolution.predation.herbivory.artificial selection.

A type of genetic drift in which a population's size drops rapidly over a short period of time, causing the loss of many alleles, is called aMultiple choice question.bottleneck effect.polygenic effect.founder effect.migration effect.

Natural selection occurs whenMultiple Choicewhen a small number of individuals of a population break away and form a new population.a factor in the environment alters the genetic information in DNA of all members of a species.only when nonrandom mating occurs.a new genetic variation occurs that allows individuals to have a reproductive and survival advantage.

Item 12The largest contributing factor for the current high rate of animal extinctions isMultiple Choiceuncontrolled sport hunting in the developed world.commercial harvesting of wildlife in Africa.drought conditions caused by the greenhouse effect.habitat destruction worldwide.None of these by themselves cause high rates of animal extinctions, but together they combine to cause high rates.