All pencils are pens. Some pens are markers.Conclusions:Some pencils are markers.All markers are pens.A. Only conclusion 1 followsB. Only conclusion 2 followsC. Both 1 and 2 followD. Neither 1 nor 2 follows
Question
All pencils are pens. Some pens are markers.Conclusions:Some pencils are markers.All markers are pens.A. Only conclusion 1 followsB. Only conclusion 2 followsC. Both 1 and 2 followD. Neither 1 nor 2 follows
Solution
The correct answer is D. Neither 1 nor 2 follows.
Here's why:
The first statement says that all pencils are pens. This means that every pencil is also a pen, but it doesn't tell us anything about whether or not any pencils are markers.
The second statement says that some pens are markers. This means that there are some pens that are also markers, but it doesn't tell us anything about whether or not any pencils are markers.
So, we can't conclude that some pencils are markers (conclusion 1) because the statements don't give us enough information to make that conclusion.
The second conclusion says that all markers are pens. But the second statement only says that some pens are markers, not all. So, we can't conclude that all markers are pens (conclusion 2).
Therefore, neither conclusion 1 nor conclusion 2 follows from the statements.
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