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Determine those values of λ for which the matrix   1 λ 0 3 2 0 1 2 1   is not invertible

Question

Determine those values of λ for which the matrix   1 λ 0 3 2 0 1 2 1   is not invertible

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Solution

A matrix is not invertible (or singular) if and only if its determinant is zero. So, we need to find the values of λ that make the determinant of the matrix zero.

The matrix is:

1 λ 0 3 2 0 1 2 1

The determinant of a 3x3 matrix

a b c d e f g h i

is given by the formula:

a(ei−fh)−b(di−fg)+c(dh−eg)

So, the determinant of our matrix is:

1*(21 - 02) - λ*(31 - 01) + 0*(32 - 11)

Simplify this to:

2 - 3λ

Set the determinant equal to zero and solve for λ:

2 - 3λ = 0 3λ = 2 λ = 2/3

So, the matrix is not invertible for λ = 2/3.

This problem has been solved

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To find the eigenvalues, computedet3 − λ 0 0−3 4 − λ 90 0 3 − λ = (3 − λ)(4 − λ)(3 − λ).So the eigenvalues are λ = 3 and λ = 4.We can find two linearly independent eigenvectors301 ,130 corresponding to the eigenvalue 3, and oneeigenvector010 with eigenvalue 4. The diagonalized form of the matrix is3 0 0−3 4 90 0 3 =3 1 00 3 11 0 03 0 00 3 00 0 40 0 11 0 −3−3 1 9 .Note that if you chose different eigenvectors, your matrices will be different. The middle matrix should haveentries 3, 3, 4 in some order, and you should multiply out the product to make sure you have the right answer.

A square matrix A is invertible if and only ifQuestion 9Select one: 𝜆 = 1 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐴.𝜆 = 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐴. 𝜆 = 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐴.𝜆 = 1 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐴.

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