You inherit $300,000 from your parents and want to use the money to supplement your retirement. You receive the money on your 65th birthday, the day you retire. You want to withdraw equal amounts at the end of each month for the next 20 years. What constant amount can you withdraw each month and have nothing remaining at the end of 20 years if you are earning 7% interest compounded monthly?
Question
You inherit $300,000 from your parents and want to use the money to supplement your retirement. You receive the money on your 65th birthday, the day you retire. You want to withdraw equal amounts at the end of each month for the next 20 years. What constant amount can you withdraw each month and have nothing remaining at the end of 20 years if you are earning 7% interest compounded monthly?
Solution
Para resolver este problema, necesitamos calcular el valor de la anualidad que se puede retirar mensualmente de una suma de dinero que se invierte a una tasa de interés compuesta mensualmente. Utilizaremos la fórmula de valor presente de una anualidad ordinaria.
La fórmula para el valor presente de una anualidad ordinaria es:
Donde:
- es el valor presente (en este caso, $300,000).
- es el pago mensual que queremos encontrar.
- es la tasa de interés mensual.
- es el número total de pagos.
Primero, convertimos la tasa de interés anual a una tasa de interés mensual. La tasa de interés anual es del 7%, por lo que la tasa de interés mensual es:
Luego, calculamos el número total de pagos. Como los retiros son mensuales durante 20 años, el número total de pagos es:
Ahora, sustituimos estos valores en la fórmula del valor presente de una anualidad ordinaria y resolvemos para :
Primero, calculamos el término dentro del paréntesis:
Luego, elevamos este valor a la potencia de -240:
Restamos este valor de 1:
Dividimos este resultado por la tasa de interés mensual:
Finalmente, resolvemos para :
Por lo tanto, la cantidad constante que puedes retirar cada mes es aproximadamente $2,542.37.
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