In constructing a thermometer it is NECESSARY to use a substance that: Question 13 Select one: a. undergoes some change when heated or cooled b. expands linearly with rising temperature c. will not boil d. will not freeze e. expands with rising temperature

The correct answer is e. expands with rising temperature.

Here's why:

a. undergoes some change when heated or cooled - This is too vague. Many substances can undergo some change when heated or cooled, but that doesn't necessarily make them suitable for use in a thermometer.

b. expands linearly with rising temperature - While it's true that many substances used in thermometers (like mercury or alcohol) do expand linearly with rising temperature, it's not a necessary condition. Some substances used in thermometers do not expand linearly with temperature.

c. will not boil - This is not a necessary condition. Some thermometers, like those used to measure very high temperatures, may use substances that can boil.

d. will not freeze - This is not a necessary condition. Some thermometers, like those used to measure very low temperatures, may use substances that can freeze.

e. expands with rising temperature - This is a necessary condition. The way a thermometer works is by measuring the expansion of a substance with temperature. As the temperature increases, the substance expands and moves up the thermometer. As the temperature decreases, the substance contracts and moves down the thermometer. Therefore, it's necessary to use a substance that expands with rising temperature.

The correct answer is e. expands with rising temperature.

Here's why:

a. While it's true that a substance in a thermometer must undergo some change when heated or cooled, this option is too vague. Many substances can change without providing the consistent, measurable response needed for a thermometer.

b. A substance that expands linearly with rising temperature would be ideal because it would provide a consistent scale, but it's not necessary. As long as the substance expands and contracts with temperature changes in a consistent, predictable way, it can be used in a thermometer.

c. The substance doesn't necessarily need to have a high boiling point. For example, alcohol thermometers work well for measuring low temperatures, even though alcohol boils at a lower temperature than mercury.

d. Similarly, the substance doesn't necessarily need to have a low freezing point. Alcohol also freezes at a higher temperature than mercury, but alcohol thermometers are still useful in many situations.

e. This is the key characteristic needed for a thermometer. The substance must expand when heated and contract when cooled. This allows the level of the liquid to rise and