In a titration experiment, 20.0 cm³ of aqueous sodium hydroxide reacts exactly with 25.0 cm³ of 0.100 mol/dm dilute sulfuric acid to make sodium sulfate.NaOH(aq) + H_{2}*S*O_{4}(aq) -> N*a_{2}*S*O_{4}(aq) + 2H_{3}*O(l)Some salts can be made by titration.(i) Circle the name of the type of reaction that takes place.[1]reductionprecipitation(ii) Calculate the concentration of the aqueous sodium hydroxide in g/dm³ using the following steps.Calculate the number of moles of dilute sulfuric acid used.mol5.decompositionneutralisation
Question
In a titration experiment, 20.0 cm³ of aqueous sodium hydroxide reacts exactly with 25.0 cm³ of 0.100 mol/dm dilute sulfuric acid to make sodium sulfate.NaOH(aq) + H_{2}SO_{4}(aq) -> N*a_{2}SO_{4}(aq) + 2H_{3}*O(l)Some salts can be made by titration.(i) Circle the name of the type of reaction that takes place.[1]reductionprecipitation(ii) Calculate the concentration of the aqueous sodium hydroxide in g/dm³ using the following steps.Calculate the number of moles of dilute sulfuric acid used.mol5.decompositionneutralisation
Solution
(i) The type of reaction that takes place is neutralisation.
(ii) To calculate the concentration of the aqueous sodium hydroxide, we first need to calculate the number of moles of dilute sulfuric acid used.
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of sulfuric acid used. The number of moles = volume (in dm³) x concentration (in mol/dm³) The volume of the sulfuric acid used is 25.0 cm³, but we need to convert this to dm³. 1 dm³ = 1000 cm³, so 25.0 cm³ = 0.025 dm³. So, the number of moles of sulfuric acid = 0.025 dm³ x 0.100 mol/dm³ = 0.0025 mol.
Step 2: From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 1 mole of sulfuric acid reacts with 2 moles of sodium hydroxide. So, the number of moles of sodium hydroxide used = 2 x 0.0025 mol = 0.005 mol.
Step 3: Now we can calculate the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution. Concentration = number of moles / volume (in dm³) The volume of the sodium hydroxide solution used is 20.0 cm³ = 0.020 dm³. So, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide = 0.005 mol / 0.020 dm³ = 0.25 mol/dm³.
Step 4: To convert this to g/dm³, we need to multiply by the molar mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which is approximately 40 g/mol. So, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide = 0.25 mol/dm³ x 40 g/mol = 10 g/dm³.
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titration of HCl with NaOH
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