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In this part, you will be utilizing the Naïve Bayes approach in order to generate predictions from thehousing dataset shown below. The following dataset represents the Price of a house given it’s locationand size as input features.Location (L) Size (S) Price (Label)Urban Large ExpensiveSuburban Medium AffordableRural Small CheapUrban Medium AffordableSuburban Large ExpensiveRural Medium AffordableUrban Small CheapSuburban Small CheapRural Large ExpensiveUrban Large ExpensiveUsing the Naive Bayes approach done in class, calculate the following and determine the predicted price(Expensive/Affordable/Cheap). Make sure to include All the steps and calculations needed to reach thefinal answer

Question

In this part, you will be utilizing the Naïve Bayes approach in order to generate predictions from thehousing dataset shown below. The following dataset represents the Price of a house given it’s locationand size as input features.Location (L) Size (S) Price (Label)Urban Large ExpensiveSuburban Medium AffordableRural Small CheapUrban Medium AffordableSuburban Large ExpensiveRural Medium AffordableUrban Small CheapSuburban Small CheapRural Large ExpensiveUrban Large ExpensiveUsing the Naive Bayes approach done in class, calculate the following and determine the predicted price(Expensive/Affordable/Cheap). Make sure to include All the steps and calculations needed to reach thefinal answer

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Solution

Para resolver este problema utilizando el enfoque de Naïve Bayes, seguiremos los siguientes pasos:

  1. Calcular las probabilidades previas (prior probabilities):

    • Contamos la cantidad de veces que cada clase (Expensive, Affordable, Cheap) aparece en el conjunto de datos.
    • Calculamos la probabilidad de cada clase dividiendo la cantidad de veces que aparece cada clase por el total de ejemplos.
  2. Calcular las probabilidades condicionales (conditional probabilities):

    • Para cada característica (Location y Size), contamos la cantidad de veces que cada valor de la característica aparece dado cada clase.
    • Calculamos la probabilidad condicional dividiendo la cantidad de veces que aparece cada valor de la característica dado cada clase por la cantidad total de ejemplos de esa clase.
  3. Aplicar la fórmula de Naïve Bayes:

    • Utilizamos las probabilidades previas y las probabilidades condicionales para calcular la probabilidad posterior de cada clase dado un nuevo ejemplo.
    • Seleccionamos la clase con la mayor probabilidad posterior como la predicción.

Paso 1: Calcular las probabilidades previas

Clase Cantidad Probabilidad
Expensive 4 4/10 = 0.4
Affordable 3 3/10 = 0.3
Cheap 3 3/10 = 0.3

Paso 2: Calcular las probabilidades condicionales

Para la característica Location (L):

Location Expensive Affordable Cheap
Urban 2/4 = 0.5 1/3 = 0.33 1/3 = 0.33
Suburban 1/4 = 0.25 1/3 = 0.33 1/3 = 0.33
Rural 1/4 = 0.25 1/3 = 0.33 1/3 = 0.33

Para la característica Size (S):

Size Expensive Affordable Cheap
Large 2/4 = 0.5 0/3 = 0 1/3 = 0.33
Medium 1/4 = 0.25 2/3 = 0.67 1/3 = 0.33
Small 1/4 = 0.25 1/3 = 0.33 1/3 = 0.33

Paso 3: Aplicar la fórmula de Naïve Bayes

Supongamos que queremos predecir el precio de una casa con las siguientes características:

  • Location: Urban
  • Size: Medium

Calculamos la probabilidad posterior para cada clase:

Para la clase Expensive:

P(ExpensiveUrban,Medium)=P(Expensive)×P(UrbanExpensive)×P(MediumExpensive) P(\text{Expensive} | \text{Urban}, \text{Medium}) = P(\text{Expensive}) \times P(\text{Urban} | \text{Expensive}) \times P(\text{Medium} | \text{Expensive}) =0.4×0.5×0.25 = 0.4 \times 0.5 \times 0.25 =0.4×0.125 = 0.4 \times 0.125 =0.05 = 0.05

Para la clase Affordable:

P(AffordableUrban,Medium)=P(Affordable)×P(UrbanAffordable)×P(MediumAffordable) P(\text{Affordable} | \text{Urban}, \text{Medium}) = P(\text{Affordable}) \times P(\text{Urban} | \text{Affordable}) \times P(\text{Medium} | \text{Affordable}) =0.3×0.33×0.67 = 0.3 \times 0.33 \times 0.67 =0.3×0.2211 = 0.3 \times 0.2211 =0.06633 = 0.06633

Para la clase Cheap:

P(CheapUrban,Medium)=P(Cheap)×P(UrbanCheap)×P(MediumCheap) P(\text{Cheap} | \text{Urban}, \text{Medium}) = P(\text{Cheap}) \times P(\text{Urban} | \text{Cheap}) \times P(\text{Medium} | \text{Cheap}) =0.3×0.33×0.33 = 0.3 \times 0.33 \times 0.33 =0.3×0.1089 = 0.3 \times 0.1089 =0.03267 = 0.03267

Paso 4: Determinar la clase con la mayor probabilidad posterior

Comparando las probabilidades posteriores:

  • P(Expensive | Urban, Medium) = 0.05
  • P(Affordable | Urban, Medium) = 0.06633
  • P(Cheap | Urban, Medium) = 0.03267

La clase con la mayor probabilidad posterior es Affordable.

Por lo tanto, la predicción para una casa con Location = Urban y Size = Medium es Affordable.

This problem has been solved

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