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3. Ciliaa. are shorter and more numerous than flagella.b. are composed of microfilaments.c. are composed of intermediate filaments.d. propel ribosomes through the cytoplasm.e. are needed for plasmodesmata to function.

Question

  1. Ciliaa. are shorter and more numerous than flagella.b. are composed of microfilaments.c. are composed of intermediate filaments.d. propel ribosomes through the cytoplasm.e. are needed for plasmodesmata to function.
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Solution

The correct answer is a. Cilia are shorter and more numerous than flagella.

Here's why:

Cilia and flagella are both structures found in cells, and they are involved in cell movement. However, they differ in their size and number.

Cilia are typically shorter and more numerous. They are like tiny hairs that cover the surface of the cell. They move in a coordinated, wave-like pattern to propel the cell or move substances over the cell's surface.

Flagella, on the other hand, are longer and fewer in number. They are like a tail that whips back and forth to propel the cell.

The other options are incorrect because:

b. Cilia are not composed of microfilaments. They are composed of a special type of protein called tubulin.

c. Cilia are not composed of intermediate filaments. They are composed of microtubules, which are a type of protein.

d. Cilia do not propel ribosomes through the cytoplasm. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis and are not moved around by cilia.

e. Cilia are not needed for plasmodesmata to function. Plasmodesmata are channels between plant cells that allow for communication and transport of substances. They function independently of cilia.

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