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income elasticity of demand

Question

income elasticity of demand

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Solution

Income elasticity of demand is a measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in consumers' income. It is calculated as the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.

Here are the steps to calculate it:

  1. Identify the initial income level and the initial quantity demanded. Let's call these I1 and Q1.

  2. Identify the final income level and the final quantity demanded. Let's call these I2 and Q2.

  3. Calculate the percentage change in income. This is (I2 - I1) / I1 * 100.

  4. Calculate the percentage change in quantity demanded. This is (Q2 - Q1) / Q1 * 100.

  5. Divide the percentage change in quantity demanded by the percentage change in income to get the income elasticity of demand.

The result will tell you how sensitive the demand for a good is to income changes. If the income elasticity of demand is greater than 1, the good is a luxury good and its demand increases more than proportionately with income. If it is less than 1 but greater than 0, the good is a normal good and its demand increases less than proportionately with income. If it is less than 0, the good is an inferior good and its demand decreases as income increases.

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