income elasticity of demand
Solution
Income elasticity of demand is a measure of how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in consumers' income. It is calculated as the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.
Here are the steps to calculate it:
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Identify the initial income level and the initial quantity demanded. Let's call these I1 and Q1.
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Identify the final income level and the final quantity demanded. Let's call these I2 and Q2.
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Calculate the percentage change in income. This is (I2 - I1) / I1 * 100.
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Calculate the percentage change in quantity demanded. This is (Q2 - Q1) / Q1 * 100.
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Divide the percentage change in quantity demanded by the percentage change in income to get the income elasticity of demand.
The result will tell you how sensitive the demand for a good is to income changes. If the income elasticity of demand is greater than 1, the good is a luxury good and its demand increases more than proportionately with income. If it is less than 1 but greater than 0, the good is a normal good and its demand increases less than proportionately with income. If it is less than 0, the good is an inferior good and its demand decreases as income increases.
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