Explain the difference between '==' and 'is' operators in Python

In Python, '==' and 'is' are both comparison operators, but they differ in how they compare objects.

1. '==' Operator: The '==' operator compares the values of both the operands and checks for value equality. If the values are equal, the condition becomes true.

Example:

x = 5
y = 5
print(x == y)  # Outputs: True

In this case, even though x and y are two different objects, the '==' operator returns True because their values are equal.

2. 'is' Operator: The 'is' operator, on the other hand, compares the identities of the objects. It checks whether both the operands refer to the same object or not. If they do, the condition becomes true.

Example:

x = [1, 2, 3]
y = [1, 2, 3]
print(x is y)  # Outputs: False

In this case, even though x and y have the same values, the 'is' operator returns False because they are not the same object. If we were to assign y as a reference to x and then use the 'is' operator, it would return True.

x = [1, 2, 3]
y = x
print(x is y)  # Outputs: True

In summary, '==' checks for value equality, while 'is' checks for object identity.