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Suppose the current inflation rate is a constant 7% and the central bank implements a disinflation policy to reduce it to its target rate of 3%. To achieve this objective the central bank, by increasing its cash rate, raise the nominal interest rate from its current 9% to 14%. In the long run, at which the central bank achieves its inflation target, what will be the nominal rate of interest, the real rate of interest and the inflation rate?

Question

Suppose the current inflation rate is a constant 7% and the central bank implements a disinflation policy to reduce it to its target rate of 3%. To achieve this objective the central bank, by increasing its cash rate, raise the nominal interest rate from its current 9% to 14%. In the long run, at which the central bank achieves its inflation target, what will be the nominal rate of interest, the real rate of interest and the inflation rate?

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Solution

To answer this question, we need to understand the Fisher equation, which states that the nominal interest rate is the sum of the real interest rate and the expected inflation rate.

Step 1: Identify the initial conditions The initial nominal interest rate is 9% and the initial inflation rate is 7%.

Step 2: Identify the changes The central bank implements a disinflation policy to reduce the inflation rate to 3%. It does this by increasing the nominal interest rate to 14%.

Step 3: Calculate the initial real interest rate Using the Fisher equation, the initial real interest rate is the nominal interest rate minus the inflation rate. So, 9% - 7% = 2%.

Step 4: Calculate the new real interest rate When the central bank increases the nominal interest rate to 14%, the real interest rate also increases. The new real interest rate is 14% - 7% = 7%.

Step 5: Calculate the new nominal interest rate Once the central bank achieves its inflation target of 3%, the new nominal interest rate will be the real interest rate plus the new inflation rate. So, 7% + 3% = 10%.

So, in the long run, the nominal rate of interest will be 10%, the real rate of interest will be 7%, and the inflation rate will be 3%.

This problem has been solved

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