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What is the process of converting glucose into energy in living organisms called?

Question

What is the process of converting glucose into energy in living organisms called?

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Solution

The process of converting glucose into energy in living organisms is called cellular respiration. Here are the steps:

  1. Glycolysis: This is the first step, which occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. One molecule of glucose (which has 6 carbons) is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate (each has 3 carbons). This process produces 2 ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) molecules and also releases high-energy electrons, which are captured by NAD+, forming NADH.

  2. Pyruvate Decarboxylation: In this step, each pyruvate is converted into Acetyl CoA in the mitochondria. This process also releases one molecule of CO2 and transfers high-energy electrons to NAD+, forming another NADH.

  3. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle): The Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle, where it is broken down into CO2. This process produces 2 ATP molecules and more high-energy electrons, which are captured by NAD+ and FAD, forming NADH and FADH2.

  4. Electron Transport Chain: This is the final step, which occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The high-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed along a series

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