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Which of the following substances might you expect to exhibit the weakest intermolecular forces?*1 pointHClHeNH₃H₂O

Question

Which of the following substances might you expect to exhibit the weakest intermolecular forces?*1 pointHClHeNH₃H₂O

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Solution

The substance that might exhibit the weakest intermolecular forces among HCl, He, NH₃, and H₂O is He.

Here's why:

  1. Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction between different molecules. They are weaker than the intramolecular forces, which are the forces within a molecule.

  2. The types of intermolecular forces (from strongest to weakest) are: ion-dipole, hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, and London dispersion forces.

  3. HCl, NH₃, and H₂O all are polar molecules, meaning they have a positive and a negative end, and thus they have stronger dipole-dipole interactions. NH₃ and H₂O can also form hydrogen bonds, which are even stronger.

  4. He, on the other hand, is a noble gas and is nonpolar. It does not form molecules with other He atoms, and its only intermolecular forces are London dispersion forces, which are the weakest type of intermolecular force.

  5. Therefore, among the given options, He would exhibit the weakest intermolecular forces.

This problem has been solved

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