Hemodialysis is a procedure that filters blood for a patient whose kidneys are unable to do so. This procedure removes relatively large amounts of solutes and water from the patient's bloodstream in a short period of time. If a patient is undergoing hemodialysis, in which net direction would fluid flow across capillary walls near the end of the procedure?A.Into the capillaries, because the procedure decreased capillary solute concentrationB.Into the capillaries, because the procedure reduced capillary hydrostatic pressureC.Into the interstitial fluid, because interstitial fluid osmolarity is increasedD.Into the interstitial fluid, because overall blood volume is reduced
Question
Hemodialysis is a procedure that filters blood for a patient whose kidneys are unable to do so. This procedure removes relatively large amounts of solutes and water from the patient's bloodstream in a short period of time. If a patient is undergoing hemodialysis, in which net direction would fluid flow across capillary walls near the end of the procedure?A.Into the capillaries, because the procedure decreased capillary solute concentrationB.Into the capillaries, because the procedure reduced capillary hydrostatic pressureC.Into the interstitial fluid, because interstitial fluid osmolarity is increasedD.Into the interstitial fluid, because overall blood volume is reduced
Solution
The net direction of fluid flow across capillary walls near the end of the hemodialysis procedure would be B. Into the capillaries, because the procedure reduced capillary hydrostatic pressure.
Here's why:
Hemodialysis is a procedure that removes excess solutes and water from the blood. This effectively reduces the blood volume and therefore the hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries. Hydrostatic pressure is the force exerted by a fluid against a wall, in this case, the force exerted by the blood against the capillary walls. When this pressure is reduced, it allows for fluid in the interstitial spaces (spaces between cells) to move back into the capillaries to help restore blood volume. This is due to the principle of fluid dynamics where fluid moves from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure. Therefore, near the end of the procedure, fluid would flow into the capillaries to balance out the reduced hydrostatic pressure.
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