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> Sam visits a friend and inhales **second-hand cigarette smoke**. Within minutes Sam experiences wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnoea and a cough. Sam’s symptoms are likely to reflect: > 1. A delayed asthmatic response 2. **An immediate asthmatic response** 3. A profile of responses indicating acute rhinosinusitis 4. Early symptoms of allergic rhinitis

Question

Sam visits a friend and inhales second-hand cigarette smoke. Within minutes Sam experiences wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnoea and a cough. Sam’s symptoms are likely to reflect:

  1. A delayed asthmatic response
  2. An immediate asthmatic response
  3. A profile of responses indicating acute rhinosinusitis
  4. Early symptoms of allergic rhinitis
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Solution

The symptoms that Sam is experiencing, such as wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, and coughing, are indicative of an immediate asthmatic response. This is because these symptoms occurred shortly after exposure to a known trigger, in this case, second-hand cigarette smoke.

Here's a step-by-step explanation:

  1. Exposure to Trigger: Sam was exposed to second-hand cigarette smoke, a common trigger for asthma symptoms.

  2. Immediate Reaction: Sam's body reacted almost immediately to the trigger, causing symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea, and coughing.

  3. Symptoms: The symptoms Sam experienced are typical of an immediate asthmatic response. These include wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe), chest tightness, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and coughing.

  4. Conclusion: Given the immediate onset of symptoms following exposure to the trigger, it's likely that Sam is experiencing an immediate asthmatic response.

The other options are less likely because they either involve a delayed response (option 1), or symptoms that don't match Sam's (options 3 and 4). Acute rhinosinusitis would involve symptoms related to the sinuses, such as a runny or stuffy nose, and facial pain or pressure. Allergic rhinitis would also involve symptoms like a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, and itchy or watery eyes.

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