In 3-5 sentences, explain how the shape of planetary orbits affects their orbital velocity. Include the proper law of planetary motion as part of your answer.
Question
In 3-5 sentences, explain how the shape of planetary orbits affects their orbital velocity. Include the proper law of planetary motion as part of your answer.
Solution
The shape of planetary orbits, which are elliptical as per Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion, significantly affects their orbital velocity. According to Kepler's Second Law, a planet moves faster when it is closer to the sun and slower when it is farther away. This is because the gravitational pull of the sun is stronger when the planet is closer, increasing its velocity, and weaker when the planet is farther, decreasing its velocity. Therefore, the elliptical shape of the orbits results in varying orbital velocities.
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