The policies of Japanese organizations, especially in the 1980s, encouraged more __________ than did the policies of organizations in the United States.A.loyalty and cooperationB.competition and efficiencyC.efficiency and speedD.individualism and creativity
Question
The policies of Japanese organizations, especially in the 1980s, encouraged more __________ than did the policies of organizations in the United States.A.loyalty and cooperationB.competition and efficiencyC.efficiency and speedD.individualism and creativity
Solution
To determine the correct answer, let's analyze the context and the options provided:
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Context: The question refers to the policies of Japanese organizations, particularly in the 1980s, and compares them to the policies of organizations in the United States.
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Historical Background: In the 1980s, Japanese organizations were known for their unique management practices, which often emphasized group harmony, long-term employment, and collective decision-making. In contrast, U.S. organizations were more focused on individual achievement, competition, and short-term results.
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Options Analysis:
- A. Loyalty and cooperation: Japanese organizations in the 1980s were indeed known for fostering a strong sense of loyalty among employees and encouraging cooperation within teams.
- B. Competition and efficiency: While efficiency was important, Japanese organizations were less focused on internal competition compared to U.S. organizations.
- C. Efficiency and speed: Although efficiency was a goal, the emphasis on speed was not as pronounced as in U.S. organizations, which often prioritized quick results.
- D. Individualism and creativity: Japanese organizations were more collective in nature and did not emphasize individualism as much as U.S. organizations.
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Conclusion: Based on the historical context and the analysis of the options, the policies of Japanese organizations in the 1980s encouraged more loyalty and cooperation than did the policies of organizations in the United States.
Therefore, the correct answer is: A. Loyalty and cooperation
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