a) What does a karyotype show?b) Is the sex of the individual male of female? How do you know?c) Describe how a karyotype can reveal a genetic disorder.

a) A karyotype is a visual profile of a person's chromosomes. It shows the number, size, and shape of the chromosomes in a body cell. It can be used to identify chromosomal abnormalities such as extra, missing, or rearranged chromosomes.

b) The question does not provide a specific karyotype to determine the sex of an individual. However, in general, the sex of an individual can be determined by looking at the 23rd pair of chromosomes, also known as the sex chromosomes. If the pair is XX, the individual is female. If the pair is XY, the individual is male.

c) A karyotype can reveal a genetic disorder by showing abnormalities in the chromosomes. For example, Down syndrome, a genetic disorder, is often caused by an extra chromosome 21, so a person with Down syndrome would have three copies of this chromosome instead of the usual two. This would be visible on a karyotype. Other genetic disorders that can be identified through a karyotype include Turner syndrome (a female with only one X chromosome) and Klinefelter syndrome (a male with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome).