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This question contains a brief UoD that provides contextual information regarding a system or organisation. You will need to create an Entity Relational (ER) diagram, or Extended Entity Relational (EER) diagram based on the UoD. If the UoD is unclear regarding specific aspects of the brief you may note assumptions on your ER diagram. However, please beware that your assumptions must not conflict with or violate any aspects of the UoD. In a busy medical facility, individuals are treated and identified by a unique code, and their names and home addresses are kept on record. There are two types of individuals, one who stays in the facility and is assigned a room number (Inpatient), and the other who visits the facility and is given a date for their next appointment (Outpatient). Additionally, the medical facility keeps medical records for all patients. Each record is associated with a unique number, the date it was created, and a diagnosis. The medical facility also maintains a detailed catalog of health professionals, each with their unique identifiers and specialty fields. These professionals are involved in the administration of various treatments, each of which is given a unique code, a name, and a detailed description. A treatment can be administered by a health professional to an individual at a given date and time.

Question

This question contains a brief UoD that provides contextual information regarding a system or organisation. You will need to create an Entity Relational (ER) diagram, or Extended Entity Relational (EER) diagram based on the UoD. If the UoD is unclear regarding specific aspects of the brief you may note assumptions on your ER diagram. However, please beware that your assumptions must not conflict with or violate any aspects of the UoD. In a busy medical facility, individuals are treated and identified by a unique code, and their names and home addresses are kept on record. There are two types of individuals, one who stays in the facility and is assigned a room number (Inpatient), and the other who visits the facility and is given a date for their next appointment (Outpatient). Additionally, the medical facility keeps medical records for all patients. Each record is associated with a unique number, the date it was created, and a diagnosis. The medical facility also maintains a detailed catalog of health professionals, each with their unique identifiers and specialty fields. These professionals are involved in the administration of various treatments, each of which is given a unique code, a name, and a detailed description. A treatment can be administered by a health professional to an individual at a given date and time.

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Solution

Based on the given description, the following entities and relationships can be identified:

Entities:

  1. Individual (Attributes: Individual_ID, Name, Home_Address)
  2. Inpatient (Attributes: Individual_ID, Room_Number)
  3. Outpatient (Attributes: Individual_ID, Next_Appointment_Date)
  4. Medical_Record (Attributes: Record_Number, Individual_ID, Date_Created, Diagnosis)
  5. Health_Professional (Attributes: Professional_ID, Specialty_Field)
  6. Treatment (Attributes: Treatment_Code, Name, Description)
  7. Treatment_Administration (Attributes: Treatment_Code, Professional_ID, Individual_ID, Date_Time)

Relationships:

  1. Individual can be an Inpatient or an Outpatient (One-to-One relationship between Individual and Inpatient/Outpatient)
  2. Individual has a Medical_Record (One-to-Many relationship between Individual and Medical_Record)
  3. Health_Professional administers Treatment to Individual (Many-to-Many relationship between Health_Professional, Treatment, and Individual)

The Many-to-Many relationship between Health_Professional, Treatment, and Individual can be resolved by introducing a new entity, say Treatment_Administration, which will have Treatment_Code, Professional_ID, Individual_ID, and Date_Time as its attributes. All of these attributes together will form the primary key of this entity.

So, the final entities and relationships will be:

Entities:

  1. Individual (Attributes: Individual_ID, Name, Home_Address)
  2. Inpatient (Attributes: Individual_ID, Room_Number)
  3. Outpatient (Attributes: Individual_ID, Next_Appointment_Date)
  4. Medical_Record (Attributes: Record_Number, Individual_ID, Date_Created, Diagnosis)
  5. Health_Professional (Attributes: Professional_ID, Specialty_Field)
  6. Treatment (Attributes: Treatment_Code, Name, Description)
  7. Treatment_Administration (Attributes: Treatment_Code, Professional_ID, Individual_ID, Date_Time)

Relationships:

  1. Individual can be an Inpatient or an Outpatient (One-to-One relationship between Individual and Inpatient/Outpatient)
  2. Individual has a Medical_Record (One-to-Many relationship between Individual and Medical_Record)
  3. Health_Professional administers Treatment to Individual (One-to-Many relationship between Health_Professional, Treatment, and Treatment_Administration)

Please note that in the above schema, Individual_ID in Inpatient, Outpatient, Medical_Record, and Treatment_Administration is a foreign key referencing Individual, Professional_ID in Treatment_Administration is a foreign key referencing Health_Professional, and Treatment_Code in Treatment_Administration is a foreign key referencing Treatment.

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