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A student wants to measure the temperature change of water after adding a 5 cm3 block of copper to container 1 and a 20 cm3 block of copper to container 2. Both blocks of copper were heated to 40°C before they were added to the water. The image below shows the experiment immediately after adding the copper.What should be expected from this experiment? A. The temperature should increase more in container 2 because the 20 cm3 block contains more thermal energy. B. The temperature should decrease more in container 2 because the 20 cm3 block contains more thermal energy. C. The temperature should increase more in container 1 because the 5 cm3 block contains more thermal energy. D. The containers will have the same amount of temperature change because the 20 cm3 block and the 5 cm3 are made from the same element.

Question

A student wants to measure the temperature change of water after adding a 5 cm3 block of copper to container 1 and a 20 cm3 block of copper to container 2. Both blocks of copper were heated to 40°C before they were added to the water. The image below shows the experiment immediately after adding the copper.What should be expected from this experiment? A. The temperature should increase more in container 2 because the 20 cm3 block contains more thermal energy. B. The temperature should decrease more in container 2 because the 20 cm3 block contains more thermal energy. C. The temperature should increase more in container 1 because the 5 cm3 block contains more thermal energy. D. The containers will have the same amount of temperature change because the 20 cm3 block and the 5 cm3 are made from the same element.

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Solution

The correct answer is A. The temperature should increase more in container 2 because the 20 cm3 block contains more thermal energy.

Here's why:

  1. Both blocks of copper are heated to the same temperature (40°C), but the 20 cm3 block of copper has a larger volume than the 5 cm3 block.

  2. The amount of thermal energy an object can store and transfer depends on its mass and specific heat capacity. In this case, the specific heat capacity of copper is the same for both blocks because they are made of the same material. However, the 20 cm3 block has a larger mass due to its larger volume.

  3. When the heated copper blocks are added to the water in the containers, they will transfer their thermal energy to the water, causing the water's temperature to increase.

  4. Since the 20 cm3 block of copper has more thermal energy due to its larger mass, it will transfer more thermal energy to the water in container 2, causing a greater temperature increase in container 2 compared to container 1.

So, the temperature should increase more in container 2 because the 20 cm3 block contains more thermal energy.

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