When white light passes through the achromatic combination of prisms, then what is observed

When white light passes through the achromatic combination of prisms, it undergoes a process called dispersion. This means that the different colors that make up white light are separated and spread out.

Here are the steps involved in this process:

1. White light is made up of a combination of all the colors of the visible spectrum - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

2. As the white light enters the first prism, it is refracted or bent. This bending occurs because different colors of light have different wavelengths, and they travel at different speeds through the prism.

3. The prism disperses the white light into its component colors. This is because the different colors of light are refracted at different angles as they pass through the prism. The shorter wavelengths (blue and violet) are refracted more than the longer wavelengths (red and orange).

4. After passing through the first prism, the dispersed colors continue to travel and enter the second prism. Here, they are refracted again, but in the opposite direction.

5. The second prism further separates the colors and refracts them at different angles. However, since the second prism is placed in an inverted position compared to the first prism, the colors are brought back together and recombined.

6. As a result, the white light that emerges from the achromatic combination of prisms appears to be unchanged. The dispersion caused by the first prism is canceled out by the second prism, resulting in a beam of white light.

In summary, when white light passes through the achromatic combination of prisms, it is dispersed into its component colors and then recombined to form white light again.