D. World is Minetime limit per test2 secondsmemory limit per test256 megabytesinputstandard inputoutputstandard outputAlice and Bob are playing a game. Initially, there are n𝑛 cakes, with the i𝑖-th cake having a tastiness value of ai𝑎𝑖.Alice and Bob take turns eating them, with Alice starting first:In her turn, Alice chooses and eats any remaining cake whose tastiness is strictly greater than the maximum tastiness of any of the cakes she's eaten before that. Note that on the first turn, she can choose any cake.In his turn, Bob chooses any remaining cake and eats it.The game ends when the current player can't eat a suitable cake. Let x𝑥 be the number of cakes that Alice ate. Then, Alice wants to maximize x𝑥, while Bob wants to minimize x𝑥.Find out how many cakes Alice will eat if both players play optimally.InputEach test contains multiple test cases. The first line of input contains a single integer t𝑡 (1≤t≤5001≤𝑡≤500) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.The first line of each test case contains a single integer n𝑛 (1≤n≤50001≤𝑛≤5000) — the number of cakes.The second line of each test case contains n𝑛 integers a1,a2,…,an𝑎1,𝑎2,…,𝑎𝑛 (1≤ai≤n1≤𝑎𝑖≤𝑛) — the tastiness values of the cakes.It is guaranteed that the sum of n𝑛 over all test cases does not exceed 50005000.OutputFor each test case, output a single integer — the number of cakes Alice will eat if both players play optimally.ExampleinputCopy941 4 2 331 1 151 4 2 3 443 4 1 41184 3 2 5 6 8 3 476 1 1 3 5 3 1116 11 6 8 7 5 3 11 2 3 5172 6 5 3 9 1 6 2 5 6 3 2 3 9 6 1 6outputCopy213213244NoteIn the first test case, one possible sequence of turns is:Alice eats a cake with a tastiness value of 11. The remaining cakes are [4,2,3][4,2,3].Bob eats a cake with a tastiness value of 22. The remaining cakes are [4,3][4,3].Alice eats a cake with a tastiness of 33. The remaining cakes are [4][4].Bob eats a cake with a tastiness value of 44. The remaining cakes are [][].Since there are no more cakes left, the game ends.In the second test case, one possible sequence of turns is:Alice eats a cake with a tastiness value of 11. The remaining cakes are [1,1][1,1].Bob eats a cake with a tastiness value of 11. The remaining cakes are [1][1].Since Alice has already eaten a cake with a tastiness value of 11, she cannot make a turn, so the game ends.
Question
D. World is Minetime limit per test2 secondsmemory limit per test256 megabytesinputstandard inputoutputstandard outputAlice and Bob are playing a game. Initially, there are n𝑛 cakes, with the i𝑖-th cake having a tastiness value of ai𝑎𝑖.Alice and Bob take turns eating them, with Alice starting first:In her turn, Alice chooses and eats any remaining cake whose tastiness is strictly greater than the maximum tastiness of any of the cakes she's eaten before that. Note that on the first turn, she can choose any cake.In his turn, Bob chooses any remaining cake and eats it.The game ends when the current player can't eat a suitable cake. Let x𝑥 be the number of cakes that Alice ate. Then, Alice wants to maximize x𝑥, while Bob wants to minimize x𝑥.Find out how many cakes Alice will eat if both players play optimally.InputEach test contains multiple test cases. The first line of input contains a single integer t𝑡 (1≤t≤5001≤𝑡≤500) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.The first line of each test case contains a single integer n𝑛 (1≤n≤50001≤𝑛≤5000) — the number of cakes.The second line of each test case contains n𝑛 integers a1,a2,…,an𝑎1,𝑎2,…,𝑎𝑛 (1≤ai≤n1≤𝑎𝑖≤𝑛) — the tastiness values of the cakes.It is guaranteed that the sum of n𝑛 over all test cases does not exceed 50005000.OutputFor each test case, output a single integer — the number of cakes Alice will eat if both players play optimally.ExampleinputCopy941 4 2 331 1 151 4 2 3 443 4 1 41184 3 2 5 6 8 3 476 1 1 3 5 3 1116 11 6 8 7 5 3 11 2 3 5172 6 5 3 9 1 6 2 5 6 3 2 3 9 6 1 6outputCopy213213244NoteIn the first test case, one possible sequence of turns is:Alice eats a cake with a tastiness value of 11. The remaining cakes are [4,2,3][4,2,3].Bob eats a cake with a tastiness value of 22. The remaining cakes are [4,3][4,3].Alice eats a cake with a tastiness of 33. The remaining cakes are [4][4].Bob eats a cake with a tastiness value of 44. The remaining cakes are [][].Since there are no more cakes left, the game ends.In the second test case, one possible sequence of turns is:Alice eats a cake with a tastiness value of 11. The remaining cakes are [1,1][1,1].Bob eats a cake with a tastiness value of 11. The remaining cakes are [1][1].Since Alice has already eaten a cake with a tastiness value of 11, she cannot make a turn, so the game ends.
Solution
The problem is a game theory problem involving two players, Alice and Bob, who take turns eating cakes with different tastiness values. Alice always eats a cake with a tastiness value strictly greater than any she has eaten before, while Bob can eat any remaining cake. The game ends when the current player cannot eat a suitable cake. The goal is to determine how many cakes Alice will eat if both players play optimally.
Here is a step-by-step solution:
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Sort the cakes in descending order of tastiness. This is because Alice always wants to eat the cake with the highest tastiness that she hasn't eaten before.
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Initialize a variable, say
alice_cakes, to keep track of the number of cakes Alice eats. -
Alice eats the first cake (the one with the highest tastiness). Increment
alice_cakesby 1. -
Now it's Bob's turn. He can eat any remaining cake, so he eats the next cake in the sorted list.
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Repeat steps 3 and 4 until there are no more cakes left or Alice cannot eat a suitable cake (i.e., all remaining cakes have a tastiness value less than or equal to the maximum tastiness of the cakes Alice has eaten before).
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The value of
alice_cakesis the number of cakes Alice will eat if both players play optimally.
This solution assumes that the players are rational and play optimally to achieve their goals (Alice wants to maximize the number of cakes she eats, while Bob wants to minimize this number).
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Only Plusestime limit per test1 secondmemory limit per test256 megabytesinputstandard inputoutputstandard outputKmes has written three integers a𝑎, b𝑏 and c𝑐 in order to remember that he has to give Noobish_Monk a×b×c𝑎×𝑏×𝑐 bananas.Noobish_Monk has found these integers and decided to do the following at most 55 times:pick one of these integers;increase it by 11.For example, if a=2𝑎=2, b=3𝑏=3 and c=4𝑐=4, then one can increase a𝑎 three times by one and increase b𝑏 two times. After that a=5𝑎=5, b=5𝑏=5, c=4𝑐=4. Then the total number of bananas will be 5×5×4=1005×5×4=100.What is the maximum value of a×b×c𝑎×𝑏×𝑐 Noobish_Monk can achieve with these operations?InputEach test contains multiple test cases. The first line of input contains a single integer t𝑡 (1≤t≤10001≤𝑡≤1000) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.The first and only line of each test case contains three integers a𝑎, b𝑏 and c𝑐 (1≤a,b,c≤101≤𝑎,𝑏,𝑐≤10) — Kmes's integers.OutputFor each test case, output a single integer — the maximum amount of bananas Noobish_Monk can get.ExampleinputCopy22 3 410 1 10outputCopy100600
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