make notes on this passage that i can remember for my finals tomorrow:Administrative Areas of Pakistan:Administrative zones of a country refer to the territorial divisions created for administrative purposes to efficiently manage and govern the country. These zones are designed to streamline governance, public services, and decision-making at different levels of government. The specific names and structures of administrative zones can vary widely from country to country. Pakistan is divided into four provinces, two autonomous territories, and the federal territory. Here are the administrative areas of Pakistan:1. Punjab: Punjab, province of eastern Pakistan. It is bordered by the Indian illegally occupied Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, Sindh province to the south, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces to the west, and Islamabad federal capital area and Azad Kashmir to the north. The provincial capital, Lahore, is located in the east-central region, near the border with India. The name Punjab means “five waters,” or “five rivers,” and signifies the land drained by the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers, which are tributaries of the Indus River. Punjab is Pakistan’s second largest province, after Balochistan, and the most densely populated. Area 79,284 square miles (205,345 square km). Pop. (2011 est.) 91,379,615. Agriculture is the chief source of income and employment in Punjab. Much of the province once consisted of desert wastes that were unfavorable for settlement, but its character changed after an extensive network of irrigation canals was built in the early 20th century using the waters of the Indus tributaries. 2. Sindh: Sindh, also spelled Sind, province of southeastern Pakistan. It is bordered by the provinces of Balochistan on the west and north, Punjab on the northeast, the Indian states of Rajasthan and Gujarat to the east, and the Arabian Sea to the south. Sindh is essentially part of the Indus River delta and has derived its name from that river, which is known in Pakistan as the Sindhu. The province of Sindh was established in 1970. The provincial capital, Karachi, is situated on the southwestern coast.3. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP): Formerly known as North-West Frontier Province, northernmost province of Pakistan. It is bounded by Afghanistan to the west and north, Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan (the Pakistaniadministered areas of the Kashmir region) to the east and northeast, Punjab province to the southeast, and Balochistan province to the southwest. On the western boundary of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, along the Afghan border, are the areas formerly known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), a series of areas that Geography: Class 8 The City School The City School Academics are ethnically homogeneous with the province but were semiautonomous until 2018. Peshawar is the provincial capital.4. Balochistan: This is the westernmost province of Pakistan. It is bordered by Iran (west), by Afghanistan (northwest), by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces (northeast and east), by Sindh province (southeast), and by the Arabian Sea (south). There are four major physical regions in Balochistan. The upper highlands of the central and northeastern areas are bounded by the Sulaiman Range to the east and the Toba Kakar Range to the northwest. The lower highlands include the eastern slopes of the Sulaiman Range; the lower ranges of the Makran, Kharan, and Chagai on the west; and the Pab and Kirthar ranges on the southeast. These highland regions are primarily inhabited by nomadic herdsmen. Flat plains extend northward along the coast into the mountains; in the northwest an arid desert region consists of the Chagai, Kharan, and Makran deserts and the swamps of Lora and Mashkel. 5. Federal Territory: Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT): ICT stands for Islamabad Capital Territory. It is the federal territory of Pakistan and serves as the capital city of the country. Islamabad is the political, administrative, and diplomatic hub of Pakistan. Islamabad is the capital city of Pakistan and is located within the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT). It was purposefully built as the capital to replace Karachi, which was the original capital after Pakistan's independence in 1947. Islamabad Capital Territory has its own administrative setup, headed by the Chief Commissioner. The federal government has direct control over the administration of the territory. As the capital city, Islamabad is home to important government institutions, foreign embassies, and diplomatic missions. The city is home to several prestigious educational institutions, including universities, colleges, and research centers. Islamabad is often referred to as the "Green City" of Pakistan due to its abundant greenery, parks, and tree-lined avenues. Islamabad's scenic beauty and modern infrastructure make it an attractive destination for both local and international tourists.6. Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK): Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), commonly known as Azad Kashmir, is a self-governing administrative region in the northern part of Pakistan. It is situated to the west of the Indianoccupied state of Jammu and Kashmir. Azad Jammu and Kashmir is located in the northern part of Pakistan, sharing borders with the Indian- occupied Jammu and Kashmir to the east and northeast, Gilgit-Baltistan to the north, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and the Punjab province to the south. Azad Jammu and Kashmir is a self-governing administrative region, and its constitutional status is unique. It has its own government and president, but it is not considered a province of Pakistan. The President of Azad Jammu and Kashmir is the constitutional head of the region, while the Prime Minister is the head of the government. Azad Jammu and Kashmir is characterized by its mountainous terrain, with the Himalayas to the northeast and the PirPanjal range to the northwest. The region is known for its scenic beauty, lush green valleys, and rivers.. Azad Jammu and Kashmir is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors with its natural beauty, trekking routes, and historical sites. Geography: Class 8 The City School The City School Academics 7. Gilgit-Baltistan (GB): Gilgit-Baltistan is a region located in the northern part of Pakistan. It is a selfgoverning administrative territory with its own government, but its constitutional status is somewhat unique and subject to ongoing debates due to its complex geopolitical situation. Gilgit-Baltistan is situated in the northernmost part of Pakistan, bordered by the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan to the northwest, China to the north and northeast, Azad Jammu and Kashmir to the south, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) to the west. Gilgit-Baltistan is known for its breathtaking landscapes, including high mountain peaks, glaciers, valleys, and rivers. It is home to some of the world's highest peaks, including K2, the second-highest mountain on Earth. As a result, the region is a popular destination for adventure tourism, trekking, and mountaineering.